Rig Veda (translation and commentary)

by H. H. Wilson | 1866 | 1,999,864 words | ISBN-10: 8171101380 | ISBN-13: 9788171101382

The Rig-Veda, English translation, including the commentary of Sayana and grammatical analysis. The hyms of the Rigveda Samhita represents some of the oldest and complex of Hindu Sanskrit literature. In ten books, these mantras form the core essence of rituals and ceremonies once widely performed throughout ancient India. This edition contains the...

Disclaimer: These are translations of Sanskrit texts and are not necessarily approved by everyone associated with the traditions connected to these texts. Consult the source and original scripture in case of doubt.

Rig Veda 5.78.2

Sanskrit text [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:

अश्वि॑ना हरि॒णावि॑व गौ॒रावि॒वानु॒ यव॑सम् । हं॒सावि॑व पतत॒मा सु॒ताँ उप॑ ॥
अश्विना हरिणाविव गौराविवानु यवसम् । हंसाविव पततमा सुताँ उप ॥
aśvinā hariṇāv iva gaurāv ivānu yavasam | haṃsāv iva patatam ā sutām̐ upa ||

English translation:

“Like two deer, Aśvins, like two wild cattle on (fresh) pasture; like two swans alight upon the effused libation.”

Commentary by Sāyaṇa: Ṛgveda-bhāṣya

Like two wild cattle: like two gauras, bos gaurus

Details:

Ṛṣi (sage/seer): saptavadhrirātreyaḥ [saptavadhrirātreya];
Devatā (deity/subject-matter): aśvinau ;
Chandas (meter): uṣṇik ;
Svara (tone/note): Swar;

Padapatha [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:

अश्वि॑ना । ह॒रि॒णौऽइ॑व । गौ॒रौऽइ॑व । अनु॑ । यव॑सम् । हं॒सौऽइ॑व । प॒त॒त॒म् । आ । सु॒तान् । उप॑ ॥
अश्विना । हरिणौइव । गौरौइव । अनु । यवसम् । हंसौइव । पततम् । आ । सुतान् । उप ॥
aśvinā | hariṇau-iva | gaurau-iva | anu | yavasam | haṃsau-iva | patatam | ā | sutān | upa

Multi-layer Annotation of the Ṛgveda

[Rigveda 5.78.2 English analysis of grammar]

aśvinā < aśvin

[noun], vocative, dual, masculine

“Asvins; two.”

hariṇāv < hariṇau < hariṇa

[noun], nominative, dual, masculine

“antelope; Shiva.”

iva

[adverb]

“like; as it were; somehow; just so.”

gaurāv < gaurau < gaura

[noun], nominative, dual, masculine

“Gaura; Gaura; downy grislee; Gaura.”

ivānu < iva

[adverb]

“like; as it were; somehow; just so.”

ivānu < anu

[adverb]

“subsequently; behind; along; towards; because.”

yavasam < yavasa

[noun], accusative, singular, masculine

“eatage; pasture; fodder.”

haṃsāv < haṃsau < haṃsa

[noun], nominative, dual, masculine

“goose; Vishnu; sun.”

iva

[adverb]

“like; as it were; somehow; just so.”

patatam < pat

[verb], dual, Present imperative

“fall down; drop; fly; issue; fall; fall; decay; hang down; banish; throw; lodge; disappear.”

ā

[adverb]

“towards; ākāra; until; ā; since; according to; ā [suffix].”

sutāṃ < suta

[noun], accusative, plural, masculine

“Soma.”

upa

[adverb]

“towards; on; next.”

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