Rig Veda (translation and commentary)
by H. H. Wilson | 1866 | 1,999,864 words | ISBN-10: 8171101380 | ISBN-13: 9788171101382
The Rig-Veda, English translation, including the commentary of Sayana and grammatical analysis. The hyms of the Rigveda Samhita represents some of the oldest and complex of Hindu Sanskrit literature. In ten books, these mantras form the core essence of rituals and ceremonies once widely performed throughout ancient India. This edition contains the...
Disclaimer: These are translations of Sanskrit texts and are not necessarily approved by everyone associated with the traditions connected to these texts. Consult the source and original scripture in case of doubt.
Rig Veda 5.77.1
Sanskrit text [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:
प्रा॒त॒र्यावा॑णा प्रथ॒मा य॑जध्वं पु॒रा गृध्रा॒दर॑रुषः पिबातः । प्रा॒तर्हि य॒ज्ञम॒श्विना॑ द॒धाते॒ प्र शं॑सन्ति क॒वय॑: पूर्व॒भाज॑: ॥
प्रातर्यावाणा प्रथमा यजध्वं पुरा गृध्रादररुषः पिबातः । प्रातर्हि यज्ञमश्विना दधाते प्र शंसन्ति कवयः पूर्वभाजः ॥
prātaryāvāṇā prathamā yajadhvam purā gṛdhrād araruṣaḥ pibātaḥ | prātar hi yajñam aśvinā dadhāte pra śaṃsanti kavayaḥ pūrvabhājaḥ ||
English translation:
“Worship the two who come first (of the gods) at dawn; let them drink before the greedy withholders (of the offering); for the Aśvins verily claim the morning sacrifice; the ardent sages praised them (at dawn).”
Commentary by Sāyaṇa: Ṛgveda-bhāṣya
The ancient sages: kavayaḥ pūrvabhājaḥ: kavi = one learned in the Vedas: ye ve anucānas te kavayaḥ, those are anucānas are kavis (Aitareya Brāhmaṇa);
Anucāna = ṣadaṅgasahita vedadhyāyinaḥ, students of the Vedas with the six supplements
Details:
Ṛṣi (sage/seer): atriḥ [atri];Devatā (deity/subject-matter): aśvinau ;
Chandas (meter): triṣṭup ;
Svara (tone/note): Swar;
Padapatha [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:
प्रा॒तः॒ऽयावा॑ना । प्र॒थ॒मा । य॒ज॒ध्व॒म् । पु॒रा । गृध्रा॑त् । अर॑रुषः । पि॒बा॒तः॒ । प्रा॒तः । हि । य॒ज्ञम् । अ॒श्विना॑ । द॒धाते॒ इति॑ । प्र । शं॒स॒न्ति॒ । क॒वयः॑ । पू॒र्व॒ऽभाजः॑ ॥
प्रातःयावाना । प्रथमा । यजध्वम् । पुरा । गृध्रात् । अररुषः । पिबातः । प्रातः । हि । यज्ञम् । अश्विना । दधाते इति । प्र । शंसन्ति । कवयः । पूर्वभाजः ॥
prātaḥ-yāvānā | prathamā | yajadhvam | purā | gṛdhrāt | araruṣaḥ | pibātaḥ | prātaḥ | hi | yajñam | aśvinā | dadhāteiti | pra | śaṃsanti | kavayaḥ | pūrva-bhājaḥ
Multi-layer Annotation of the Ṛgveda
[Rigveda 5.77.1 English analysis of grammar]
[adverb]
“at dawn; early.”
[noun], accusative, dual, masculine
“traveler.”
[noun], accusative, dual, masculine
“first; prathama [word]; third; young; chief(a); best; antecedent.”
[verb], plural, Present imperative
“sacrifice; worship; worship.”
[adverb]
“once; earlier; first; purā [indecl.].”
[noun], ablative, singular, masculine
“vulture.”
[adverb]
“not; akāra; a [taddhita]; a [word]; a; a.”
[verb noun], ablative, singular
“give; impart.”
[verb], dual, Present conjunctive (subjunctive)
“drink; gulp; soak; drink; suck; inhale.”
[adverb]
“at dawn; early.”
[adverb]
“because; indeed; for; therefore; hi [word].”
[noun], accusative, singular, masculine
“yajña; religious ceremony; Vishnu; yajña [word]; Yajña; Shiva.”
[noun], nominative, dual, masculine
“Asvins; two.”
[verb], dual, Present indikative
“put; give; cause; get; hold; make; provide; lend; wear; install; have; enter (a state); supply; hold; take; show.”
[adverb]
“towards; ahead.”
[verb], plural, Present indikative
“recommend; tell; praise; approve; communicate; recite; commend; bode; name; agree.”
[noun], nominative, plural, masculine
“poet; wise man; bard; Venus; Uśanas; kavi [word]; Kavi; prophet; guru; Brahma.”
[noun], accusative, plural, masculine