Rig Veda (translation and commentary)

by H. H. Wilson | 1866 | 1,999,864 words | ISBN-10: 8171101380 | ISBN-13: 9788171101382

The Rig-Veda, English translation, including the commentary of Sayana and grammatical analysis. The hyms of the Rigveda Samhita represents some of the oldest and complex of Hindu Sanskrit literature. In ten books, these mantras form the core essence of rituals and ceremonies once widely performed throughout ancient India. This edition contains the...

Disclaimer: These are translations of Sanskrit texts and are not necessarily approved by everyone associated with the traditions connected to these texts. Consult the source and original scripture in case of doubt.

Rig Veda 5.74.8

Sanskrit text [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:

आ वां॒ रथो॒ रथा॑नां॒ येष्ठो॑ यात्वश्विना । पु॒रू चि॑दस्म॒युस्ति॒र आ॑ङ्गू॒षो मर्त्ये॒ष्वा ॥
आ वां रथो रथानां येष्ठो यात्वश्विना । पुरू चिदस्मयुस्तिर आङ्गूषो मर्त्येष्वा ॥
ā vāṃ ratho rathānāṃ yeṣṭho yātv aśvinā | purū cid asmayus tira āṅgūṣo martyeṣv ā ||

English translation:

“May your car, Aśvins, the swiftest of the cars (of the gods), come hither well-disposed towards us, the discomfiter of numerous (foes), glorified among men.”

Commentary by Sāyaṇa: Ṛgveda-bhāṣya

Āṅgūṣo maryeṣu = yajamāneṣu madhye stutyaḥ, to be praised among worshippers; or, āṅgūṣa may be a substantive meaning stava or stoma, praise, may the praise of the car of the Aśvins among men, or by the priests, be beneficial to us, asmayuḥ

Details:

Ṛṣi (sage/seer): paura ātreyaḥ [paura ātreya];
Devatā (deity/subject-matter): aśvinau ;
Chandas (meter): nicṛduṣṇik ;
Svara (tone/note): Swar;

Padapatha [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:

आ । वा॒म् । रथः॑ । रथा॑नाम् । येष्ठः॑ । या॒तु॒ । अ॒श्वि॒ना॒ । पु॒रु । चि॒त् । अ॒स्म॒ऽयुः । ति॒रः । आ॒ङ्गू॒षः । मर्त्ये॑षु । आ ॥
आ । वाम् । रथः । रथानाम् । येष्ठः । यातु । अश्विना । पुरु । चित् । अस्मयुः । तिरः । आङ्गूषः । मर्त्येषु । आ ॥
ā | vām | rathaḥ | rathānām | yeṣṭhaḥ | yātu | aśvinā | puru | cit | asma-yuḥ | tiraḥ | āṅgūṣaḥ | martyeṣu | ā

Multi-layer Annotation of the Ṛgveda

[Rigveda 5.74.8 English analysis of grammar]

ā

[adverb]

“towards; ākāra; until; ā; since; according to; ā [suffix].”

vāṃ < vām < tvad

[noun], genitive, dual

“you.”

ratho < rathaḥ < ratha

[noun], nominative, singular, masculine

“chariot; warrior; ratha [word]; Dalbergia oojeinensis; rattan.”

rathānāṃ < rathānām < ratha

[noun], genitive, plural, masculine

“chariot; warrior; ratha [word]; Dalbergia oojeinensis; rattan.”

yeṣṭho < yeṣṭhaḥ < yeṣṭha

[noun], nominative, singular, masculine

yātv < yātu <

[verb], singular, Present imperative

“go; enter (a state); travel; disappear; reach; come; campaign; elapse; arrive; drive; reach; leave; run; depart; ride.”

aśvinā < aśvin

[noun], vocative, dual, masculine

“Asvins; two.”

purū < puru

[noun], accusative, plural, neuter

“many; much(a); very.”

cid < cit

[adverb]

“even; indeed.”

asmayus < asmayuḥ < asmayu

[noun], nominative, singular, masculine

tira < tiras

[adverb]

“tiras [word]; away; secretly.”

āṅgūṣo < āṅgūṣaḥ < āṅgūṣa

[noun], nominative, singular, masculine

“hymn.”

martyeṣv < martyeṣu < martya

[noun], locative, plural, masculine

“mortal.”

ā

[adverb]

“towards; ākāra; until; ā; since; according to; ā [suffix].”

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