Rig Veda (translation and commentary)

by H. H. Wilson | 1866 | 1,999,864 words | ISBN-10: 8171101380 | ISBN-13: 9788171101382

The Rig-Veda, English translation, including the commentary of Sayana and grammatical analysis. The hyms of the Rigveda Samhita represents some of the oldest and complex of Hindu Sanskrit literature. In ten books, these mantras form the core essence of rituals and ceremonies once widely performed throughout ancient India. This edition contains the...

Disclaimer: These are translations of Sanskrit texts and are not necessarily approved by everyone associated with the traditions connected to these texts. Consult the source and original scripture in case of doubt.

Rig Veda 5.59.4

Sanskrit text [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:

को वो॑ म॒हान्ति॑ मह॒तामुद॑श्नव॒त्कस्काव्या॑ मरुत॒: को ह॒ पौंस्या॑ । यू॒यं ह॒ भूमिं॑ कि॒रणं॒ न रे॑जथ॒ प्र यद्भर॑ध्वे सुवि॒ताय॑ दा॒वने॑ ॥
को वो महान्ति महतामुदश्नवत्कस्काव्या मरुतः को ह पौंस्या । यूयं ह भूमिं किरणं न रेजथ प्र यद्भरध्वे सुविताय दावने ॥
ko vo mahānti mahatām ud aśnavat kas kāvyā marutaḥ ko ha pauṃsyā | yūyaṃ ha bhūmiṃ kiraṇaṃ na rejatha pra yad bharadhve suvitāya dāvane ||

English translation:

“Who may exalt the great excellences of you who are adorable? who may (offer you fitting) praises? who (glorify your) manly (deeds)? For you make the earth tremble like a ray (of light) when you confer the gift (of rain) for (the diffusion of) fertility.”

Details:

Ṛṣi (sage/seer): śyāvāśva ātreyaḥ [śyāvāśva ātreya];
Devatā (deity/subject-matter): marūtaḥ;
Chandas (meter): virāḍjagatī ;
Svara (tone/note): Swar;

Padapatha [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:

कः । वः॒ । म॒हान्ति॑ । म॒ह॒ताम् । उत् । अ॒श्न॒व॒त् । कः । काव्या॑ । म॒रु॒तः॒ । कः । ह॒ । पौंस्या॑ । यू॒यम् । ह॒ । भूमि॑म् । कि॒रण॑म् । न । रे॒ज॒थ॒ । प्र । यत् । भर॑ध्वे । सु॒वि॒ताय॑ । दा॒वने॑ ॥
कः । वः । महान्ति । महताम् । उत् । अश्नवत् । कः । काव्या । मरुतः । कः । ह । पौंस्या । यूयम् । ह । भूमिम् । किरणम् । न । रेजथ । प्र । यत् । भरध्वे । सुविताय । दावने ॥
kaḥ | vaḥ | mahānti | mahatām | ut | aśnavat | kaḥ | kāvyā | marutaḥ | kaḥ | ha | paiṃsyā | yūyam | ha | bhūmim | kiraṇam | na | rejatha | pra | yat | bharadhve | suvitāya | dāvane

Multi-layer Annotation of the Ṛgveda

[Rigveda 5.59.4 English analysis of grammar]

ko < kaḥ < ka

[noun], nominative, singular, masculine

“what; who; ka [pronoun].”

vo < vaḥ < tvad

[noun], genitive, plural

“you.”

mahānti < mahat

[noun], accusative, plural, neuter

“large; eminent; great; loud; dangerous; strong; long; high; much(a); mahant [word]; ample; very; great; adult; important; dark; high; abundant; violent; remarkable; mighty; big; long.”

mahatām < mahat

[noun], genitive, plural, masculine

“large; eminent; great; loud; dangerous; strong; long; high; much(a); mahant [word]; ample; very; great; adult; important; dark; high; abundant; violent; remarkable; mighty; big; long.”

ud

[adverb]

“up.”

aśnavat <

[verb], singular, Present conjunctive (subjunctive)

“get; reach; enter (a state).”

kas < kaḥ < ka

[noun], nominative, singular, masculine

“what; who; ka [pronoun].”

kāvyā < kāvya

[noun], accusative, plural, neuter

“Uśanas; poem; Kāvya; wisdom.”

marutaḥ < marut

[noun], vocative, plural, masculine

“Marut; vāta; wind; Vayu.”

ko < kaḥ < ka

[noun], nominative, singular, masculine

“what; who; ka [pronoun].”

ha

[adverb]

“indeed; ha [word].”

pauṃsyā < pauṃsya

[noun], accusative, plural, neuter

“manfulness; deed; army; strength.”

yūyaṃ < yūyam < tvad

[noun], nominative, plural

“you.”

ha

[adverb]

“indeed; ha [word].”

bhūmiṃ < bhūmim < bhūmi

[noun], accusative, singular, feminine

“floor; earth; Earth; real property; region; pṛthivī; location; Earth; place; bhūja; floor; pit; bhūmi [word]; one; hole; shop; distance; country; space; land; territory; topographic point.”

kiraṇaṃ < kiraṇam < kiraṇa

[noun], accusative, singular, masculine

“beam; sunbeam; Kiraṇa; dust; sun; chapter.”

na

[adverb]

“not; like; no; na [word].”

rejatha < rej

[verb], plural, Present indikative

“tremor; flicker.”

pra

[adverb]

“towards; ahead.”

yad < yat

[adverb]

“once [when]; because; that; if; how.”

bharadhve < bhṛ

[verb], plural, Present indikative

“bring; hold; fill; support; wear; possess; carry; nourish; keep; hire; have; satiate; follow; bear.”

suvitāya < suvita

[noun], dative, singular, neuter

“prosperity; well-being.”

dāvane <

[verb noun]

“give; add; perform; put; administer; fill into; give; ignite; put on; offer; use; fuel; pour; grant; feed; teach; construct; insert; drip; wrap; pay; hand over; lend; inflict; concentrate; sacrifice; splint; poultice; create.”

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