Rig Veda (translation and commentary)

by H. H. Wilson | 1866 | 1,999,864 words | ISBN-10: 8171101380 | ISBN-13: 9788171101382

The Rig-Veda, English translation, including the commentary of Sayana and grammatical analysis. The hyms of the Rigveda Samhita represents some of the oldest and complex of Hindu Sanskrit literature. In ten books, these mantras form the core essence of rituals and ceremonies once widely performed throughout ancient India. This edition contains the...

Disclaimer: These are translations of Sanskrit texts and are not necessarily approved by everyone associated with the traditions connected to these texts. Consult the source and original scripture in case of doubt.

Rig Veda 5.50.3

Sanskrit text [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:

अतो॑ न॒ आ नॄनति॑थी॒नत॒: पत्नी॑र्दशस्यत । आ॒रे विश्वं॑ पथे॒ष्ठां द्वि॒षो यु॑योतु॒ यूयु॑विः ॥
अतो न आ नॄनतिथीनतः पत्नीर्दशस्यत । आरे विश्वं पथेष्ठां द्विषो युयोतु यूयुविः ॥
ato na ā nṝn atithīn ataḥ patnīr daśasyata | āre viśvam patheṣṭhāṃ dviṣo yuyotu yūyuviḥ ||

English translation:

“Worship, therefore, the leaders (of our rites), our guests, (the gods), and the wives (of the deities); may the (divine) discriminator drive to a distance every adversary, (and all our) enemies.”

Commentary by Sāyaṇa: Ṛgveda-bhāṣya

Worship, therefore... : ato na ā nṛn atithīn ataḥ patnīr daśasyata = bestow upon us male descendants, guests, and wives

Details:

Ṛṣi (sage/seer): svastyātreyaḥ [svastyātreya];
Devatā (deity/subject-matter): viśvedevā:;
Chandas (meter): bhuriguṣṇik ;
Svara (tone/note): Swar;

Padapatha [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:

अतः॑ । नः॒ । आ । नॄन् । अति॑थीन् । अतः॑ । पत्नीः॑ । द॒श॒स्य॒त॒ । आ॒रे । विश्व॑म् । प॒थे॒ऽस्थाम् । द्वि॒षः । यु॒यो॒तु॒ यूयु॑विः ॥
अतः । नः । आ । नॄन् । अतिथीन् । अतः । पत्नीः । दशस्यत । आरे । विश्वम् । पथेस्थाम् । द्विषः । युयोतु यूयुविः ॥
ataḥ | naḥ | ā | nṝn | atithīn | ataḥ | patnīḥ | daśasyata | āre | viśvam | pathe--sthām | dviṣaḥ | yuyotuyūyuviḥ

Multi-layer Annotation of the Ṛgveda

[Rigveda 5.50.3 English analysis of grammar]

ato < atas

[adverb]

“now; therefore; then; from there; hence; consequently; then; hence; henceforth.”

na < naḥ < mad

[noun], genitive, plural

“I; mine.”

ā

[adverb]

“towards; ākāra; until; ā; since; according to; ā [suffix].”

nṝn < nṛ

[noun], accusative, plural, masculine

“man; man; nṛ [word]; crew; masculine.”

atithīn < atithi

[noun], accusative, plural, masculine

“guest; atithi [word]; Atithi.”

ataḥ < atas

[adverb]

“now; therefore; then; from there; hence; consequently; then; hence; henceforth.”

patnīr < patnīḥ < patnī

[noun], accusative, plural, feminine

“wife; mistress; queen.”

daśasyata < daśasy

[verb], plural, Present imperative

āre

[adverb]

“far.”

viśvam < viśva

[noun], accusative, singular, masculine

“all(a); whole; complete; each(a); viśva [word]; completely; wholly.”

patheṣṭhāṃ < patheṣṭhām < patheṣṭhā

[noun], accusative, singular, masculine

dviṣo < dviṣaḥ < dviṣ

[noun], accusative, plural, masculine

“hostile; hating.”

yuyotu < yu

[verb], singular, Present imperative

“keep away; separate; ward off.”

yūyuviḥ < yūyuvi

[noun], nominative, singular, masculine

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