Rig Veda (translation and commentary)

by H. H. Wilson | 1866 | 1,999,864 words | ISBN-10: 8171101380 | ISBN-13: 9788171101382

The Rig-Veda, English translation, including the commentary of Sayana and grammatical analysis. The hyms of the Rigveda Samhita represents some of the oldest and complex of Hindu Sanskrit literature. In ten books, these mantras form the core essence of rituals and ceremonies once widely performed throughout ancient India. This edition contains the...

Disclaimer: These are translations of Sanskrit texts and are not necessarily approved by everyone associated with the traditions connected to these texts. Consult the source and original scripture in case of doubt.

Rig Veda 5.49.5

Sanskrit text [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:

प्र ये वसु॑भ्य॒ ईव॒दा नमो॒ दुर्ये मि॒त्रे वरु॑णे सू॒क्तवा॑चः । अवै॒त्वभ्वं॑ कृणु॒ता वरी॑यो दि॒वस्पृ॑थि॒व्योरव॑सा मदेम ॥
प्र ये वसुभ्य ईवदा नमो दुर्ये मित्रे वरुणे सूक्तवाचः । अवैत्वभ्वं कृणुता वरीयो दिवस्पृथिव्योरवसा मदेम ॥
pra ye vasubhya īvad ā namo dur ye mitre varuṇe sūktavācaḥ | avaitv abhvaṃ kṛṇutā varīyo divaspṛthivyor avasā madema ||

English translation:

“May ample wealth devolve upon those who have presented victims to the Vasus, and upon those who have repeated praises to Mitra and Varuṇa confer upon them, (gods), felicity, and may we rejoice in the protection of heaven and earth.”

Commentary by Sāyaṇa: Ṛgveda-bhāṣya

Presented victims to the Vasus: pra ye vasubhya īvadā namaḥ: īvadā namaḥ = gamanavad annana, food having motion, that is paśvātmakam, the same with animals

Details:

Ṛṣi (sage/seer): pratiprabha ātreyaḥ [pratiprabha ātreya];
Devatā (deity/subject-matter): viśvedevā:;
Chandas (meter): svarāṭpaṅkti;
Svara (tone/note): Swar;

Padapatha [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:

प्र । ये । वसु॑ऽभ्यः । ईव॑त् । आ । नमः॑ । दुः । ये । मि॒त्रे । वरु॑णे । सू॒क्तऽवा॑चः । अव॑ । ए॒तु॒ । अभ्व॑म् । कृ॒णु॒त । वरी॑यः । दि॒वःपृ॑थि॒व्योः । अव॑सा । म॒दे॒म॒ ॥
प्र । ये । वसुभ्यः । ईवत् । आ । नमः । दुः । ये । मित्रे । वरुणे । सूक्तवाचः । अव । एतु । अभ्वम् । कृणुत । वरीयः । दिवःपृथिव्योः । अवसा । मदेम ॥
pra | ye | vasu-bhyaḥ | īvat | ā | namaḥ | duḥ | ye | mitre | varuṇe | sūkta-vācaḥ | ava | etu | abhvam | kṛṇuta | varīyaḥ | divaḥpṛthivyoḥ | avasā | madema

Multi-layer Annotation of the Ṛgveda

[Rigveda 5.49.5 English analysis of grammar]

pra

[adverb]

“towards; ahead.”

ye < yad

[noun], nominative, plural, masculine

“who; which; yat [pronoun].”

vasubhya < vasubhyaḥ < vasu

[noun], dative, plural, masculine

“good; good; benign; vasu [word].”

īvad < īvat

[noun], accusative, singular, neuter

“such(a).”

ā

[adverb]

“towards; ākāra; until; ā; since; according to; ā [suffix].”

namo < namaḥ < namas

[noun], accusative, singular, neuter

“adoration; court; namas [word]; bow; salute.”

dur < duḥ <

[verb], plural, Aorist inj. (proh.)

“give; add; perform; put; administer; fill into; give; ignite; put on; offer; use; fuel; pour; grant; feed; teach; construct; insert; drip; wrap; pay; hand over; lend; inflict; concentrate; sacrifice; splint; poultice; create.”

ye < yad

[noun], nominative, plural, masculine

“who; which; yat [pronoun].”

mitre < mitra

[noun], locative, singular, masculine

“friend; Mitra; mitra [word]; sun; ally.”

varuṇe < varuṇa

[noun], locative, singular, masculine

“Varuna; varuṇa [word]; Crataeva religiosa Forst.; Varuṇa; varuṇādi.”

sūktavācaḥ < sūkta

[noun], neuter

“Mantra; hymn.”

sūktavācaḥ < vācaḥ < vāc

[noun], nominative, plural, masculine

“speech; statement; voice; voice; speech; language; vāc [word]; word; literary composition; conversation; sound; Sarasvati; cry; assurance; spell.”

avaitv < avaitu < ave < √i

[verb], singular, Present imperative

“descend; go; learn; know; disappear.”

abhvaṃ < abhvam < abhva

[noun], nominative, singular, neuter

“monstrosity; nothingness; void; force.”

kṛṇutā < kṛṇuta < kṛ

[verb], singular, Present injunctive

“make; perform; cause; produce; shape; construct; do; put; fill into; use; fuel; transform; bore; act; write; create; prepare; administer; dig; prepare; treat; take effect; add; trace; put on; process; treat; heed; hire; act; produce; assume; eat; ignite; chop; treat; obey; manufacture; appoint; evacuate; choose; understand; insert; happen; envelop; weigh; observe; practice; lend; bring; duplicate; plant; kṛ; concentrate; mix; knot; join; take; provide; utter; compose.”

varīyo < varīyaḥ < varīyas

[noun], accusative, singular, neuter

“freedom; room.”

divaspṛthivyor < divaspṛthivyoḥ < divaspṛthivī

[noun], genitive, dual, feminine

“heaven and earth.”

avasā < avas

[noun], instrumental, singular, neuter

“aid; favor; protection.”

madema < mad

[verb], plural, Present optative

“rut; intoxicate; delight; revel; rejoice; drink; ramp; exult.”

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