Rig Veda (translation and commentary)

by H. H. Wilson | 1866 | 1,999,864 words | ISBN-10: 8171101380 | ISBN-13: 9788171101382

The Rig-Veda, English translation, including the commentary of Sayana and grammatical analysis. The hyms of the Rigveda Samhita represents some of the oldest and complex of Hindu Sanskrit literature. In ten books, these mantras form the core essence of rituals and ceremonies once widely performed throughout ancient India. This edition contains the...

Disclaimer: These are translations of Sanskrit texts and are not necessarily approved by everyone associated with the traditions connected to these texts. Consult the source and original scripture in case of doubt.

Rig Veda 5.44.11

Sanskrit text [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:

श्ये॒न आ॑सा॒मदि॑तिः क॒क्ष्यो॒३॒॑ मदो॑ वि॒श्ववा॑रस्य यज॒तस्य॑ मा॒यिन॑: । सम॒न्यम॑न्यमर्थय॒न्त्येत॑वे वि॒दुर्वि॒षाणं॑ परि॒पान॒मन्ति॒ ते ॥
श्येन आसामदितिः कक्ष्यो मदो विश्ववारस्य यजतस्य मायिनः । समन्यमन्यमर्थयन्त्येतवे विदुर्विषाणं परिपानमन्ति ते ॥
śyena āsām aditiḥ kakṣyo mado viśvavārasya yajatasya māyinaḥ | sam anyam-anyam arthayanty etave vidur viṣāṇam paripānam anti te ||

English translation:

“Swift is the excessive and girth-distending inebriation of Viśvavārā, Yajata and Māyin; (by drinking) of these (juices) they urge one another to drink; they find the copious draught the prompt giver of intoxication.”

Commentary by Sāyaṇa: Ṛgveda-bhāṣya

Swift iṣ..inebriation: śyena āsām aditiḥ kakṣyo madaḥ: śyena = śīghra, quick;

Aditi = atisamṛddhaḥ;

Āsām = of these, Soma juices;

Mada = intoxication, is the devatā of the verse

Details:

Ṛṣi (sage/seer): avatsāraḥ kāśyapa anye ca dṛsṭaliṅgāḥ [avatsāra kāśyapa anye ca dṛsṭaliṅgāḥ];
Devatā (deity/subject-matter): viśvedevā:;
Chandas (meter): svarāṭtriṣṭup ;
Svara (tone/note): Swar;

Padapatha [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:

श्ये॒नः । आ॒सा॒म् । अदि॑तिः । क॒क्ष्यः॑ । मदः॑ । वि॒श्वऽवा॑रस्य । य॒ज॒तस्य॑ । मा॒यिनः॑ । सम् । अ॒न्यम्ऽअ॑न्यम् । अ॒र्थ॒य॒न्ति॒ । एत॑वे । वि॒दुः । वि॒ऽसाण॑म् । प॒रि॒ऽपान॑म् । अन्ति॑ । ते॒ ॥
श्येनः । आसाम् । अदितिः । कक्ष्यः । मदः । विश्ववारस्य । यजतस्य । मायिनः । सम् । अन्यम्अन्यम् । अर्थयन्ति । एतवे । विदुः । विसाणम् । परिपानम् । अन्ति । ते ॥
śyenaḥ | āsām | aditiḥ | kakṣyaḥ | madaḥ | viśva-vārasya | yajatasya | māyinaḥ | sam | anyam-anyam | arthayanti | etave | viduḥ | vi-sāṇam | pari-pānam | anti | te

Multi-layer Annotation of the Ṛgveda

[Rigveda 5.44.11 English analysis of grammar]

śyena < śyenaḥ < śyena

[noun], nominative, singular, masculine

“hawk; bird of prey; falcon; Śyena; eagle; śyena [word]; Śyena.”

āsām < idam

[noun], genitive, plural, feminine

“this; he,she,it (pers. pron.); here.”

aditiḥ < aditi

[noun], nominative, singular, feminine

“Aditi; aditi [word].”

kakṣyo < kakṣyaḥ < kakṣya

[noun], nominative, singular, masculine

mado < madaḥ < mada

[noun], nominative, singular, masculine

“drunkenness; mada; estrus; excitement; sexual arousal; alcohol; musth; mad; mada; ecstasy; pride; drink; joy; arrogance; vivification.”

viśvavārasya < viśva

[noun]

“all(a); whole; complete; each(a); viśva [word]; completely; wholly.”

viśvavārasya < vārasya < vāra

[noun], genitive, singular, masculine

“treasure; choice.”

yajatasya < yajata

[noun], genitive, singular, masculine

māyinaḥ < māyin

[noun], genitive, singular, masculine

sam

[adverb]

“sam; together; together; saṃ.”

anyam < anya

[noun], accusative, singular, masculine

“other; another(a); remaining; different; anya [word]; other than; more(a); fresh; any(a).”

anyam < anya

[noun], accusative, singular, masculine

“other; another(a); remaining; different; anya [word]; other than; more(a); fresh; any(a).”

arthayanty < arthayanti < arthay < √arth

[verb], plural, Present indikative

etave < i

[verb noun]

“go; travel; enter (a state); return; walk; continue; reach; ask.”

vidur < viduḥ < vid

[verb], plural, Perfect indicative

“know; diagnose; perceive; know; accord; notice; deem; mind; learn; specify; watch; recognize; detect; call.”

viṣāṇam < viṣāṇa

[noun], accusative, singular, neuter

paripānam < paripāna

[noun], accusative, singular, neuter

anti

[adverb]

te < tad

[noun], nominative, plural, masculine

“this; he,she,it (pers. pron.); respective(a); that; nominative; then; particular(a); genitive; instrumental; accusative; there; tad [word]; dative; once; same.”

Like what you read? Consider supporting this website: