Rig Veda (translation and commentary)

by H. H. Wilson | 1866 | 1,999,864 words | ISBN-10: 8171101380 | ISBN-13: 9788171101382

The Rig-Veda, English translation, including the commentary of Sayana and grammatical analysis. The hyms of the Rigveda Samhita represents some of the oldest and complex of Hindu Sanskrit literature. In ten books, these mantras form the core essence of rituals and ceremonies once widely performed throughout ancient India. This edition contains the...

Disclaimer: These are translations of Sanskrit texts and are not necessarily approved by everyone associated with the traditions connected to these texts. Consult the source and original scripture in case of doubt.

Rig Veda 5.44.8

Sanskrit text [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:

ज्यायां॑सम॒स्य य॒तुन॑स्य के॒तुन॑ ऋषिस्व॒रं च॑रति॒ यासु॒ नाम॑ ते । या॒दृश्मि॒न्धायि॒ तम॑प॒स्यया॑ विद॒द्य उ॑ स्व॒यं वह॑ते॒ सो अरं॑ करत् ॥
ज्यायांसमस्य यतुनस्य केतुन ऋषिस्वरं चरति यासु नाम ते । यादृश्मिन्धायि तमपस्यया विदद्य उ स्वयं वहते सो अरं करत् ॥
jyāyāṃsam asya yatunasya ketuna ṛṣisvaraṃ carati yāsu nāma te | yādṛśmin dhāyi tam apasyayā vidad ya u svayaṃ vahate so araṃ karat ||

English translation:

“The (pious man) proceeds to you, most excellent (of the gods, who are indicated) by the sign of this moving (revolution); who are hymned by the ṛṣis in whose praises youyr name (is glorified); he obtains that blessing by his devotion, on whatsoever (his desire) has been fixed; and he also, who of his own accord offers (worship) acquires abundant (reward).”

Commentary by Sāyaṇa: Ṛgveda-bhāṣya

By the sign of this moving revolution: asya yatunasya ketuna is the text which is explained: karmaṇodayādi lakṣaṇena, characterized by functions such as rising and the like; he also...acquires abundant reward: ya u svayam vahate so aram karat = he who, not urged by another, entertains of his own mind the hope of reward, he does, much, or enough; atyartham karoti is one explanation; another is, atyartham kuryāt, let him do much, or enough

Details:

Ṛṣi (sage/seer): avatsāraḥ kāśyapa anye ca dṛsṭaliṅgāḥ [avatsāra kāśyapa anye ca dṛsṭaliṅgāḥ];
Devatā (deity/subject-matter): viśvedevā:;
Chandas (meter): jagatī ;
Svara (tone/note): Swar;

Padapatha [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:

ज्यायां॑सम् । अ॒स्य । य॒तुन॑स्य । के॒तुना॑ । ऋ॒षि॒ऽस्व॒रम् । च॒र॒ति॒ । यासु॑ । नाम॑ । ते॒ । या॒दृश्मि॑न् । धा॒यि॒ । तम् । अ॒प॒स्यया॑ । वि॒द॒त् । यः । ऊँ॒ इति॑ । स्व॒यम् । वह॑ते । सः । अर॑म् । क॒र॒त् ॥
ज्यायांसम् । अस्य । यतुनस्य । केतुना । ऋषिस्वरम् । चरति । यासु । नाम । ते । यादृश्मिन् । धायि । तम् । अपस्यया । विदत् । यः । ऊँ इति । स्वयम् । वहते । सः । अरम् । करत् ॥
jyāyāṃsam | asya | yatunasya | ketunā | ṛṣi-svaram | carati | yāsu | nāma | te | yādṛśmin | dhāyi | tam | apasyayā | vidat | yaḥ | oṃ iti | svayam | vahate | saḥ | aram | karat

Multi-layer Annotation of the Ṛgveda

[Rigveda 5.44.8 English analysis of grammar]

jyāyāṃsam < jyāyas

[noun], accusative, singular, masculine

“better; elder; greater; bigger.”

asya < idam

[noun], genitive, singular, masculine

“this; he,she,it (pers. pron.); here.”

yatunasya < yatuna

[noun], genitive, singular, masculine

ketuna < ketu

[noun], instrumental, singular, masculine

“banner; ketu; sunbeam; enemy; sign; Premna spinosa Roxb.; comet; signal; signal; luminosity.”

ṛṣisvaraṃ < ṛṣi

[noun], masculine

“Ṛṣi; spiritual teacher; ascetic; Mantra.”

ṛṣisvaraṃ < svaram < svara

[noun], nominative, singular, neuter

“voice; noise; sound; voice; note; tone; accent; seven; vowel; Vishnu; cry; accent; cry.”

carati < car

[verb], singular, Present indikative

“car; wander; perform; travel; bore; produce; make; dwell; dig; act; observe; enter (a state); observe; cause; crop; behave; practice; heed; process; administer.”

yāsu < yad

[noun], locative, plural, feminine

“who; which; yat [pronoun].”

nāma < nāman

[noun], nominative, singular, neuter

“name; appellation; nāman [word]; nāmakaraṇa; surname; noun; word.”

te < tvad

[noun], genitive, singular

“you.”

yādṛśmin < yādṛś

[noun], locative, singular, masculine

“which like.”

dhāyi < dhā

[verb], singular, Aorist passive

“put; give; cause; get; hold; make; provide; lend; wear; install; have; enter (a state); supply; hold; take; show.”

tam < tad

[noun], accusative, singular, masculine

“this; he,she,it (pers. pron.); respective(a); that; nominative; then; particular(a); genitive; instrumental; accusative; there; tad [word]; dative; once; same.”

apasyayā < apasyā

[noun], instrumental, singular, feminine

“activity.”

vidad < vidat < vid

[verb], singular, Aorist inj. (proh.)

“find; detect; marry; get; think.”

ya < yaḥ < yad

[noun], nominative, singular, masculine

“who; which; yat [pronoun].”

u

[adverb]

“ukāra; besides; now; indeed; u.”

svayaṃ < svayam

[adverb]

“personally; spontaneously; svayam [word]; voluntarily.”

vahate < vah

[verb], singular, Present indikative

“transport; bring; marry; run; drive; vāhay; drive; run; pull; nirvāpay; blow; transport; discharge; assume; remove.”

so < saḥ < tad

[noun], nominative, singular, masculine

“this; he,she,it (pers. pron.); respective(a); that; nominative; then; particular(a); genitive; instrumental; accusative; there; tad [word]; dative; once; same.”

araṃ < aram

[adverb]

karat < kṛ

[verb], singular, Aorist conj./subj.

“make; perform; cause; produce; shape; construct; do; put; fill into; use; fuel; transform; bore; act; write; create; prepare; administer; dig; prepare; treat; take effect; add; trace; put on; process; treat; heed; hire; act; produce; assume; eat; ignite; chop; treat; obey; manufacture; appoint; evacuate; choose; understand; insert; happen; envelop; weigh; observe; practice; lend; bring; duplicate; plant; kṛ; concentrate; mix; knot; join; take; provide; utter; compose.”

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