Rig Veda (translation and commentary)
by H. H. Wilson | 1866 | 1,999,864 words | ISBN-10: 8171101380 | ISBN-13: 9788171101382
The Rig-Veda, English translation, including the commentary of Sayana and grammatical analysis. The hyms of the Rigveda Samhita represents some of the oldest and complex of Hindu Sanskrit literature. In ten books, these mantras form the core essence of rituals and ceremonies once widely performed throughout ancient India. This edition contains the...
Disclaimer: These are translations of Sanskrit texts and are not necessarily approved by everyone associated with the traditions connected to these texts. Consult the source and original scripture in case of doubt.
Rig Veda 5.43.4
Sanskrit text [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:
दश॒ क्षिपो॑ युञ्जते बा॒हू अद्रिं॒ सोम॑स्य॒ या श॑मि॒तारा॑ सु॒हस्ता॑ । मध्वो॒ रसं॑ सु॒गभ॑स्तिर्गिरि॒ष्ठां चनि॑श्चदद्दुदुहे शु॒क्रमं॒शुः ॥
दश क्षिपो युञ्जते बाहू अद्रिं सोमस्य या शमितारा सुहस्ता । मध्वो रसं सुगभस्तिर्गिरिष्ठां चनिश्चदद्दुदुहे शुक्रमंशुः ॥
daśa kṣipo yuñjate bāhū adriṃ somasya yā śamitārā suhastā | madhvo rasaṃ sugabhastir giriṣṭhāṃ caniścadad duduhe śukram aṃśuḥ ||
English translation:
“The ten express of the juice, (the fingers), and the two arms of the priests, which are the dexterous immolators of the Soma, take hold of the stone; the exulting, skilful-fingered (priest) milks the mountain-born juice of the sweet Soma, and that Soma (yields its) pure juice.”
Commentary by Sāyaṇa: Ṛgveda-bhāṣya
The text has only śukram aṃśuḥ = sa ca aṃsu'h śukram nirmalam rasam dugdhe, and that Soma has milked the pure juice; or aṃśu may be an epithet of adhvaryu, the extensively present priest, aṃśur vyāpto adhvaryuḥ
Details:
Ṛṣi (sage/seer): atriḥ [atri];Devatā (deity/subject-matter): viśvedevā:;
Chandas (meter): triṣṭup ;
Svara (tone/note): Swar;
Padapatha [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:
दश॑ । क्षिपः॑ । यु॒ञ्ज॒ते॒ । बा॒हू इति॑ । अद्रि॑म् । सोम॑स्य । या । श॒मि॒तारा॑ । सु॒ऽहस्ता॑ । मध्वः॑ । रस॑म् । सु॒ऽगभ॑स्तिः । गि॒रि॒ऽस्थाम् । चनि॑श्चदत् । दु॒दु॒हे॒ । शु॒क्रम् । अं॒शुः ॥
दश । क्षिपः । युञ्जते । बाहू इति । अद्रिम् । सोमस्य । या । शमितारा । सुहस्ता । मध्वः । रसम् । सुगभस्तिः । गिरिस्थाम् । चनिश्चदत् । दुदुहे । शुक्रम् । अंशुः ॥
daśa | kṣipaḥ | yuñjate | bāhū iti | adrim | somasya | yā | śamitārā | su-hastā | madhvaḥ | rasam | su-gabhastiḥ | giri-sthām | caniścadat | duduhe | śukram | aṃśuḥ
Multi-layer Annotation of the Ṛgveda
[Rigveda 5.43.4 English analysis of grammar]
[noun], nominative, singular, neuter
“ten; tenth; daśan [word].”
[noun], nominative, plural, feminine
“finger.”
[verb], plural, Present indikative
“mix; use; endow; yoke; accompany; to practice Yoga; connect; hire; administer; compound; affect; add; concentrate; unite; join; prosecute; combine; supply; compound; attach to; appoint; fill; process; mobilize; mount; complement; eat; join; treat; coincide; affect; challenge.”
[noun], nominative, dual, masculine
“arm; bāhu [word]; elbow; forefoot.”
[noun], accusative, singular, masculine
“mountain; rock; seven; stone; adri; grindstone; adri; rock.”
[noun], genitive, singular, masculine
“Soma; moon; soma [word]; Candra.”
[noun], nominative, dual, masculine
“who; which; yat [pronoun].”
[noun], nominative, dual, masculine
“śamitṛ [word]; butcher.”
[adverb]
“very; well; good; nicely; beautiful; su; early; quite.”
[noun], nominative, dual, masculine
“hand; hand; proboscis; hasta [word]; autograph.”
[noun], genitive, singular, neuter
“honey; alcohol; sweet; nectar; madhu [word].”
[noun], accusative, singular, masculine
“mercury; juice; medicine; rasa; alchemy; liquid; Rasa; mahārasa; taste; broth; elixir; resin; rasa; essence; six; water; soup; liquid body substance; rasa; formulation; myrrh; rasa [word]; amṛta; purpose; delight; solution; milk; beverage; alcohol; sap; nectar; Rasātala.”
[adverb]
“very; well; good; nicely; beautiful; su; early; quite.”
[noun], nominative, singular, masculine
“beam; hand; sun.”
[noun], accusative, singular, masculine
[?]
“_”
[verb], singular, Perfect indicative
“milk.”
[noun], accusative, singular, neuter
“semen; sperm; śukra; śukraprameha; liquid; ejaculation.”
[noun], nominative, singular, masculine
“sunbeam; beam; aṃśu [word]; thread.”