Rig Veda (translation and commentary)

by H. H. Wilson | 1866 | 1,999,864 words | ISBN-10: 8171101380 | ISBN-13: 9788171101382

The Rig-Veda, English translation, including the commentary of Sayana and grammatical analysis. The hyms of the Rigveda Samhita represents some of the oldest and complex of Hindu Sanskrit literature. In ten books, these mantras form the core essence of rituals and ceremonies once widely performed throughout ancient India. This edition contains the...

Disclaimer: These are translations of Sanskrit texts and are not necessarily approved by everyone associated with the traditions connected to these texts. Consult the source and original scripture in case of doubt.

Rig Veda 5.42.8

Sanskrit text [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:

तवो॒तिभि॒: सच॑माना॒ अरि॑ष्टा॒ बृह॑स्पते म॒घवा॑नः सु॒वीरा॑: । ये अ॑श्व॒दा उ॒त वा॒ सन्ति॑ गो॒दा ये व॑स्त्र॒दाः सु॒भगा॒स्तेषु॒ राय॑: ॥
तवोतिभिः सचमाना अरिष्टा बृहस्पते मघवानः सुवीराः । ये अश्वदा उत वा सन्ति गोदा ये वस्त्रदाः सुभगास्तेषु रायः ॥
tavotibhiḥ sacamānā ariṣṭā bṛhaspate maghavānaḥ suvīrāḥ | ye aśvadā uta vā santi godā ye vastradāḥ subhagās teṣu rāyaḥ ||

English translation:

“Associated, Bṛhaspati, with your protections, (men) are unharmed (by foes), and become opulent and blessed with descendants; may wealth devolve on those who are genitive rous, and givers of horses, of cows, of clothes.”

Details:

Ṛṣi (sage/seer): atriḥ [atri];
Devatā (deity/subject-matter): viśvedevā:;
Chandas (meter): triṣṭup ;
Svara (tone/note): Swar;

Padapatha [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:

तव॑ । ऊ॒तिऽभिः॑ । सच॑मानाः । अरि॑ष्टाः । बृह॑स्पते । म॒घऽवा॑नः । सु॒ऽवीराः॑ । ये । अ॒श्व॒ऽदाः । उ॒त । वा॒ । सन्ति॑ । गो॒ऽदाः । ये । व॒स्त्र॒ऽदाः । सु॒ऽभगाः॑ । तेषु॑ । रायः॑ ॥
तव । ऊतिभिः । सचमानाः । अरिष्टाः । बृहस्पते । मघवानः । सुवीराः । ये । अश्वदाः । उत । वा । सन्ति । गोदाः । ये । वस्त्रदाः । सुभगाः । तेषु । रायः ॥
tava | ūti-bhiḥ | sacamānāḥ | ariṣṭāḥ | bṛhaspate | magha-vānaḥ | su-vīrāḥ | ye | aśva-dāḥ | uta | vā | santi | go--dāḥ | ye | vastra-dāḥ | su-bhagāḥ | teṣu | rāyaḥ

Multi-layer Annotation of the Ṛgveda

[Rigveda 5.42.8 English analysis of grammar]

tavotibhiḥ < tava < tvad

[noun], genitive, singular

“you.”

tavotibhiḥ < ūtibhiḥ < ūti

[noun], instrumental, plural, feminine

“aid; favor; ūti [word].”

sacamānā < sacamānāḥ < sac

[verb noun], nominative, plural

“accompany; follow; company; obey; participate; enter.”

ariṣṭā < ariṣṭāḥ < ariṣṭa

[noun], nominative, plural, masculine

“safe; unharmed.”

bṛhaspate < bṛhaspati

[noun], vocative, singular, masculine

“Brihaspati; Jupiter; Bṛhaspati.”

maghavānaḥ < maghavan

[noun], nominative, plural, masculine

“big.”

suvīrāḥ < su

[adverb]

“very; well; good; nicely; beautiful; su; early; quite.”

suvīrāḥ < vīrāḥ < vīra

[noun], nominative, plural, masculine

“hero; man; Vīra; vīra; vīra [word]; Vīra.”

ye < yad

[noun], nominative, plural, masculine

“who; which; yat [pronoun].”

aśvadā < aśva

[noun], masculine

“horse; aśva [word]; Aśva; stallion.”

aśvadā < dāḥ <

[noun], nominative, plural, masculine

“giving.”

uta

[adverb]

“and; besides; uta [indecl.]; similarly; alike; even.”

[adverb]

“or; optionally; either.”

santi < as

[verb], plural, Present indikative

“be; exist; become; originate; happen; result; be; dwell; be born; stay; be; equal; exist; transform.”

godā < go

[noun], masculine

“cow; cattle; go [word]; Earth; bull; floor; milk; beam; sunbeam; leather; hide; horn; language; bowstring; earth; ox; Svarga.”

godā < dāḥ <

[noun], nominative, plural, masculine

“giving.”

ye < yad

[noun], nominative, plural, masculine

“who; which; yat [pronoun].”

vastradāḥ < vastra

[noun], neuter

“fabric; clothing; dress; vastra [word].”

vastradāḥ < dāḥ <

[noun], nominative, plural, masculine

“giving.”

subhagās < subhagāḥ < subhaga

[noun], nominative, plural, masculine

“beautiful; auspicious; beloved; fine-looking; fortunate; subhaga [word]; charming; pleasing; lucky.”

teṣu < tad

[noun], locative, plural, masculine

“this; he,she,it (pers. pron.); respective(a); that; nominative; then; particular(a); genitive; instrumental; accusative; there; tad [word]; dative; once; same.”

rāyaḥ < rai

[noun], nominative, plural, masculine

“wealth; possession; rai [word]; gold.”

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