Rig Veda (translation and commentary)

by H. H. Wilson | 1866 | 1,999,864 words | ISBN-10: 8171101380 | ISBN-13: 9788171101382

The Rig-Veda, English translation, including the commentary of Sayana and grammatical analysis. The hyms of the Rigveda Samhita represents some of the oldest and complex of Hindu Sanskrit literature. In ten books, these mantras form the core essence of rituals and ceremonies once widely performed throughout ancient India. This edition contains the...

Disclaimer: These are translations of Sanskrit texts and are not necessarily approved by everyone associated with the traditions connected to these texts. Consult the source and original scripture in case of doubt.

Rig Veda 5.41.19

Sanskrit text [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:

अ॒भि न॒ इळा॑ यू॒थस्य॑ मा॒ता स्मन्न॒दीभि॑रु॒र्वशी॑ वा गृणातु । उ॒र्वशी॑ वा बृहद्दि॒वा गृ॑णा॒नाभ्यू॑र्ण्वा॒ना प्र॑भृ॒थस्या॒योः ॥
अभि न इळा यूथस्य माता स्मन्नदीभिरुर्वशी वा गृणातु । उर्वशी वा बृहद्दिवा गृणानाभ्यूर्ण्वाना प्रभृथस्यायोः ॥
abhi na iḻā yūthasya mātā sman nadībhir urvaśī vā gṛṇātu | urvaśī vā bṛhaddivā gṛṇānābhyūrṇvānā prabhṛthasyāyoḥ ||

English translation:

“May Iḷā, the mother of the herd, and Urvaśī with the rivers, be favourable to us; may the bright-shining Urvaśī (come), commanding our devotion, and investing the worshipper with light.”

Commentary by Sāyaṇa: Ṛgveda-bhāṣya

Iḷā and Urvaśī: iḷā = the earth, or the daughter of Manu, in the form of a cow, the mother of the herd, yūthasya mātā; or, the latter may be applied to the company of the Maruts, when Iḷā may be madhyamikā vāk, middle, articulate or human speech; or, the latter sense may be applied to Urvaśī; investing the worshipper with light: abhyūrṇarvānā prabhṛthasyā yoḥ: the latter term should be read ayum, in the accusative ative, man or the yajamāna;

Prabhṛta = light, tejas, or water, udakam (Nirukta 2.49) and being in the genitive tive, requires dānena, by the gift of; or, the ellipse may be filled up by yajñam, when the sentence will be: covering or protecting the sacrifice of the man making the offering

Details:

Ṛṣi (sage/seer): atriḥ [atri];
Devatā (deity/subject-matter): viśvedevā:;
Chandas (meter): paṅktiḥ ;
Svara (tone/note): Swar;

Padapatha [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:

अ॒भि । नः॒ । इळा॑ । यू॒थस्य॑ । मा॒ता । स्मत् । न॒दीभिः॑ । उ॒र्वशी॑ । वा॒ । गृ॒णा॒तु॒ । उ॒र्वशी॑ । वा॒ । बृ॒ह॒त्ऽदि॒वा । गृ॒ण॒ना । अ॒भि॒ऽऊ॒र्ण्वा॒ना । प्र॒ऽभृ॒थस्य॑ । आ॒योः ॥
अभि । नः । इळा । यूथस्य । माता । स्मत् । नदीभिः । उर्वशी । वा । गृणातु । उर्वशी । वा । बृहत्दिवा । गृणना । अभिऊर्ण्वाना । प्रभृथस्य । आयोः ॥
abhi | naḥ | iḷā | yūthasya | mātā | smat | nadībhiḥ | urvaśī | vā | gṛṇātu | urvaśī | vā | bṛhat-divā | gṛṇanā | abhi-ūrṇvānā | pra-bhṛthasya | āyoḥ

Multi-layer Annotation of the Ṛgveda

[Rigveda 5.41.19 English analysis of grammar]

abhi

[adverb]

“towards; on.”

na < naḥ < mad

[noun], accusative, plural

“I; mine.”

iᄆā < iḍā

[noun], nominative, singular, feminine

“refreshment; iḍā [word]; comfort; cow.”

yūthasya < yūtha

[noun], genitive, singular, masculine

“herd; troop; battalion.”

mātā < mātṛ

[noun], nominative, singular, feminine

“mother; mātṛkā; mātṛ [word]; parent; Salvinia cucullata Roxb.; Citrullus colocynthis Schrad.; cow.”

sman < smat

[adverb]

“simultaneously; jointly.”

nadībhir < nadībhiḥ < nadī

[noun], instrumental, plural, feminine

“river; nadī; nadī [word]; Premna spinosa Roxb..”

urvaśī

[noun], nominative, singular, feminine

“Urvaśī.”

[adverb]

“or; optionally; either.”

gṛṇātu < gṛ

[verb], singular, Present imperative

“praise.”

urvaśī

[noun], nominative, singular, feminine

“Urvaśī.”

[adverb]

“or; optionally; either.”

bṛhaddivā < bṛhat

[noun]

“large; great; loud; high; much(a); exalted; abundant; intensive; strong; huge.”

bṛhaddivā < divā < diva

[noun], nominative, singular, feminine

“day; sky; Svarga.”

gṛṇānābhyūrṇvānā < gṛṇānā < gṛ

[verb noun], nominative, singular

“praise.”

gṛṇānābhyūrṇvānā < abhyūrṇvānā < abhivṛ < √vṛ

[verb noun], nominative, singular

“cover.”

prabhṛthasyāyoḥ < prabhṛthasya < prabhṛtha

[noun], genitive, singular, masculine

prabhṛthasyāyoḥ < āyoḥ < āyu

[noun], genitive, singular, masculine

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