Rig Veda (translation and commentary)
by H. H. Wilson | 1866 | 1,999,864 words | ISBN-10: 8171101380 | ISBN-13: 9788171101382
The Rig-Veda, English translation, including the commentary of Sayana and grammatical analysis. The hyms of the Rigveda Samhita represents some of the oldest and complex of Hindu Sanskrit literature. In ten books, these mantras form the core essence of rituals and ceremonies once widely performed throughout ancient India. This edition contains the...
Disclaimer: These are translations of Sanskrit texts and are not necessarily approved by everyone associated with the traditions connected to these texts. Consult the source and original scripture in case of doubt.
Rig Veda 5.40.5
Sanskrit text [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:
यत्त्वा॑ सूर्य॒ स्व॑र्भानु॒स्तम॒सावि॑ध्यदासु॒रः । अक्षे॑त्रवि॒द्यथा॑ मु॒ग्धो भुव॑नान्यदीधयुः ॥
यत्त्वा सूर्य स्वर्भानुस्तमसाविध्यदासुरः । अक्षेत्रविद्यथा मुग्धो भुवनान्यदीधयुः ॥
yat tvā sūrya svarbhānus tamasāvidhyad āsuraḥ | akṣetravid yathā mugdho bhuvanāny adīdhayuḥ ||
English translation:
“When, Sūrya, the son of the Asura Svarbhānu, overspread you with darkness, the worlds were beheld like one bewildered knowing not his plural ce.”
Commentary by Sāyaṇa: Ṛgveda-bhāṣya
Svarbhānu: is a name of rāhu, the person nified ascending node, the causer of an eclipse; he was a son of kaśyapa, by Danu, the mother of the Dānavas or asuras; another genitive alogy makes him the son of Vipraciti, by Siṃhikā, the sister of Hiraṇyakaśipu
Details:
Ṛṣi (sage/seer): atriḥ [atri];Devatā (deity/subject-matter): sūryaḥ ;
Chandas (meter): nicṛdanuṣṭup;
Svara (tone/note): Swar;
Padapatha [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:
यत् । त्वा॒ । सू॒र्य॒ । स्वः॑ऽभानुः । तम॑सा । अवि॑ध्यत् । आ॒सु॒रः । अक्षे॑त्रऽवित् । यथा॑ । मु॒ग्धः । भुव॑नानि । अ॒दी॒ध॒युः॒ ॥
यत् । त्वा । सूर्य । स्वःभानुः । तमसा । अविध्यत् । आसुरः । अक्षेत्रवित् । यथा । मुग्धः । भुवनानि । अदीधयुः ॥
yat | tvā | sūrya | svaḥ-bhānuḥ | tamasā | avidhyat | āsuraḥ | akṣetra-vit | yathā | mugdhaḥ | bhuvanāni | adīdhayuḥ
Multi-layer Annotation of the Ṛgveda
[Rigveda 5.40.5 English analysis of grammar]
[adverb]
“once [when]; because; that; if; how.”
[noun], accusative, singular
“you.”
[noun], vocative, singular, masculine
“sun; Surya; sūrya [word]; right nostril; twelve; Calotropis gigantea Beng.; sūryakānta; sunlight; best.”
[noun], nominative, singular, masculine
“Rahu.”
[noun], instrumental, singular, neuter
“dark; darkness; Tamas; tamas [word]; faint; tamas; gloom; ignorance.”
[verb], singular, Imperfect
“pierce; vedhay; pierce; transfix; bleed; pierce; cut off; injure.”
[noun], nominative, singular, masculine
“āsura; demoniac.”
[adverb]
“not; akāra; a [taddhita]; a [word]; a; a.”
[noun], masculine
“field; location; habitat; country; area; earth; region; estate; body; kṣetra [word]; kṣetradoṣa; seat; reincarnation; uterus.”
[noun], nominative, singular, masculine
“conversant(p); aware(p); enlightened; understanding.”
[adverb]
“equally; as; so that; like; how; yathā [word]; that; wherein.”
[verb noun], nominative, singular
“confuse; err; faint; stray; sin.”
[noun], nominative, plural, neuter
“Earth; being; world; bhuvana [word].”
[verb], plural, Imperfect
“think; desire; chew over.”