Rig Veda (translation and commentary)

by H. H. Wilson | 1866 | 1,999,864 words | ISBN-10: 8171101380 | ISBN-13: 9788171101382

The Rig-Veda, English translation, including the commentary of Sayana and grammatical analysis. The hyms of the Rigveda Samhita represents some of the oldest and complex of Hindu Sanskrit literature. In ten books, these mantras form the core essence of rituals and ceremonies once widely performed throughout ancient India. This edition contains the...

Disclaimer: These are translations of Sanskrit texts and are not necessarily approved by everyone associated with the traditions connected to these texts. Consult the source and original scripture in case of doubt.

Rig Veda 5.39.1

Sanskrit text [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:

यदि॑न्द्र चित्र मे॒हनास्ति॒ त्वादा॑तमद्रिवः । राध॒स्तन्नो॑ विदद्वस उभयाह॒स्त्या भ॑र ॥
यदिन्द्र चित्र मेहनास्ति त्वादातमद्रिवः । राधस्तन्नो विदद्वस उभयाहस्त्या भर ॥
yad indra citra mehanāsti tvādātam adrivaḥ | rādhas tan no vidadvasa ubhayāhasty ā bhara ||

English translation:

“Wonderful Indra, wielder of the thunderbolt, since precious treasure is to be distributed by you, bestow it, possessor of riches, with both hands, upon us.”

Commentary by Sāyaṇa: Ṛgveda-bhāṣya

Since precious treasure is to be distributed by you: mehanāsti tvā dātam rādhas = maṃhanīyam dhanam tvayā dātavyam, praiseable wealth is to be given by you; another interpretation: mehanāsti = me iha nāsti, what is not in this world, or, on this occasion, mine (Nirukta 4.4)

Details:

Ṛṣi (sage/seer): atriḥ [atri];
Devatā (deity/subject-matter): indra:;
Chandas (meter): virāḍanuṣṭup ;
Svara (tone/note): Swar;

Padapatha [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:

यत् । इ॒न्द्र॒ । चि॒त्र॒ । मे॒हना॑ । अस्ति॑ । त्वाऽदा॑तम् । अ॒द्रि॒ऽवः॒ । राधः॑ । तत् । नः॒ । वि॒द॒द्व॒सो॒ इति॑ विदत्ऽवसो । उ॒भ॒या॒ह॒स्ति । आ । भ॒र॒ ॥
यत् । इन्द्र । चित्र । मेहना । अस्ति । त्वादातम् । अद्रिवः । राधः । तत् । नः । विदद्वसो इति विदत्वसो । उभयाहस्ति । आ । भर ॥
yat | indra | citra | mehanā | asti | tvādātam | adri-vaḥ | rādhaḥ | tat | naḥ | vidadvaso | itividat-vaso | ubhayāhasti | ā | bhara

Multi-layer Annotation of the Ṛgveda

[Rigveda 5.39.1 English analysis of grammar]

yad < yat < yad

[noun], nominative, singular, neuter

“who; which; yat [pronoun].”

indra

[noun], vocative, singular, masculine

“Indra; leader; best; king; first; head; self; indra [word]; Indra; sapphire; fourteen; guru.”

citra

[noun], vocative, singular, masculine

“manifold; extraordinary; beautiful; divers(a); varicolored; bright; bright; bright; outstanding; agitated; aglitter(p); brilliant; painted; obvious; patched; bizarre.”

mehanāsti < mehanā

[adverb]

mehanāsti < asti < as

[verb], singular, Present indikative

“be; exist; become; originate; happen; result; be; dwell; be born; stay; be; equal; exist; transform.”

tvādātam < tvādāta

[noun], nominative, singular, neuter

adrivaḥ < adrivas < adrivat

[noun], vocative, singular, masculine

“rocky; petrous.”

rādhas < rādhaḥ < rādhas

[noun], accusative, singular, neuter

“gift; munificence; liberality; bounty.”

tan < tat < tad

[noun], accusative, singular, neuter

“this; he,she,it (pers. pron.); respective(a); that; nominative; then; particular(a); genitive; instrumental; accusative; there; tad [word]; dative; once; same.”

no < naḥ < mad

[noun], dative, plural

“I; mine.”

vidadvasa < vidadvaso < vidadvasu

[noun], vocative, singular, masculine

ubhayāhasty < ubhayāhasti

[adverb]

ā

[adverb]

“towards; ākāra; until; ā; since; according to; ā [suffix].”

bhara < bhṛ

[verb], singular, Present imperative

“bring; hold; fill; support; wear; possess; carry; nourish; keep; hire; have; satiate; follow; bear.”

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