Rig Veda (translation and commentary)

by H. H. Wilson | 1866 | 1,999,864 words | ISBN-10: 8171101380 | ISBN-13: 9788171101382

The Rig-Veda, English translation, including the commentary of Sayana and grammatical analysis. The hyms of the Rigveda Samhita represents some of the oldest and complex of Hindu Sanskrit literature. In ten books, these mantras form the core essence of rituals and ceremonies once widely performed throughout ancient India. This edition contains the...

Disclaimer: These are translations of Sanskrit texts and are not necessarily approved by everyone associated with the traditions connected to these texts. Consult the source and original scripture in case of doubt.

Rig Veda 5.36.4

Sanskrit text [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:

ए॒ष ग्रावे॑व जरि॒ता त॑ इ॒न्द्रेय॑र्ति॒ वाचं॑ बृ॒हदा॑शुषा॒णः । प्र स॒व्येन॑ मघव॒न्यंसि॑ रा॒यः प्र द॑क्षि॒णिद्ध॑रिवो॒ मा वि वे॑नः ॥
एष ग्रावेव जरिता त इन्द्रेयर्ति वाचं बृहदाशुषाणः । प्र सव्येन मघवन्यंसि रायः प्र दक्षिणिद्धरिवो मा वि वेनः ॥
eṣa grāveva jaritā ta indreyarti vācam bṛhad āśuṣāṇaḥ | pra savyena maghavan yaṃsi rāyaḥ pra dakṣiṇid dharivo mā vi venaḥ ||

English translation:

“This your adorer, Indra, like the stone (that expresses the Soma juice), urges praise to you, participating in the great (reward); you bestow, Maghavan, riches with your left hand, you bestow them, lord of horses, with the right be not reluctant.”

Details:

Ṛṣi (sage/seer): prabhūvasurāṅgirasaḥ [prabhūvasurāṅgirasa];
Devatā (deity/subject-matter): indra:;
Chandas (meter): nicṛttriṣṭup ;
Svara (tone/note): Swar;

Padapatha [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:

ए॒षः । ग्रावा॑ऽइव । ज॒रि॒ता । ते॒ । इ॒न्द्र॒ । इय॑र्ति । वाच॑म् । बृ॒हत् । आ॒शु॒षा॒णः । प्र । से॒व्येन॑ । म॒घ॒ऽव॒न् । यंसि॑ । रा॒यः । प्र । द॒क्षि॒णित् । ह॒रि॒ऽवः॒ । मा । वि । वे॒नः॒ ॥
एषः । ग्रावाइव । जरिता । ते । इन्द्र । इयर्ति । वाचम् । बृहत् । आशुषाणः । प्र । सेव्येन । मघवन् । यंसि । रायः । प्र । दक्षिणित् । हरिवः । मा । वि । वेनः ॥
eṣaḥ | grāvāiva | jaritā | te | indra | iyarti | vācam | bṛhat | āśuṣāṇaḥ | pra | sevyena | magha-van | yaṃsi | rāyaḥ | pra | dakṣiṇit | hari-vaḥ | mā | vi | venaḥ

Multi-layer Annotation of the Ṛgveda

[Rigveda 5.36.4 English analysis of grammar]

eṣa < etad

[noun], nominative, singular, masculine

“this; he,she,it (pers. pron.); etad [word].”

grāveva < grāvā < grāvan

[noun], nominative, singular, masculine

“stone; millstone; grindstone; mountain.”

grāveva < iva

[adverb]

“like; as it were; somehow; just so.”

jaritā < jaritṛ

[noun], nominative, singular, masculine

“singer.”

ta < te < tvad

[noun], genitive, singular

“you.”

indreyarti < indra

[noun], vocative, singular, masculine

“Indra; leader; best; king; first; head; self; indra [word]; Indra; sapphire; fourteen; guru.”

indreyarti < iyarti < ṛch

[verb], singular, Present indikative

“enter (a state); travel; shoot; send; hit; originate; get; raise; begin; harm.”

vācam < vāc

[noun], accusative, singular, feminine

“speech; statement; voice; voice; speech; language; vāc [word]; word; literary composition; conversation; sound; Sarasvati; cry; assurance; spell.”

bṛhad < bṛhat

[noun], accusative, singular, neuter

“large; great; loud; high; much(a); exalted; abundant; intensive; strong; huge.”

āśuṣāṇaḥ < āśuṣ < √śuṣ

[verb noun], nominative, singular

pra

[adverb]

“towards; ahead.”

savyena < savya

[noun], instrumental, singular, masculine

“left; savya [word].”

maghavan

[noun], vocative, singular, masculine

“Indra; maghavan [word].”

yaṃsi < yam

[verb], singular, Aorist imperative

“concentrate; grant; restrain; cause; control; offer; cover; raise.”

rāyaḥ < rai

[noun], accusative, plural, masculine

“wealth; possession; rai [word]; gold.”

pra

[adverb]

“towards; ahead.”

dakṣiṇiddharivo < dakṣiṇit

[adverb]

dakṣiṇiddharivo < harivas < harivat

[noun], vocative, singular, masculine

[adverb]

“not.”

vi

[adverb]

“apart; away; away.”

venaḥ < ven

[verb], singular, Present injunctive

“circulate.”

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