Rig Veda (translation and commentary)
by H. H. Wilson | 1866 | 1,999,864 words | ISBN-10: 8171101380 | ISBN-13: 9788171101382
The Rig-Veda, English translation, including the commentary of Sayana and grammatical analysis. The hyms of the Rigveda Samhita represents some of the oldest and complex of Hindu Sanskrit literature. In ten books, these mantras form the core essence of rituals and ceremonies once widely performed throughout ancient India. This edition contains the...
Disclaimer: These are translations of Sanskrit texts and are not necessarily approved by everyone associated with the traditions connected to these texts. Consult the source and original scripture in case of doubt.
Rig Veda 5.31.8
Sanskrit text [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:
त्वम॒पो यद॑वे तु॒र्वशा॒यार॑मयः सु॒दुघा॑: पा॒र इ॑न्द्र । उ॒ग्रम॑यात॒मव॑हो ह॒ कुत्सं॒ सं ह॒ यद्वा॑मु॒शनार॑न्त दे॒वाः ॥
त्वमपो यदवे तुर्वशायारमयः सुदुघाः पार इन्द्र । उग्रमयातमवहो ह कुत्सं सं ह यद्वामुशनारन्त देवाः ॥
tvam apo yadave turvaśāyāramayaḥ sudughāḥ pāra indra | ugram ayātam avaho ha kutsaṃ saṃ ha yad vām uśanāranta devāḥ ||
English translation:
“You, Indra, (abiding on the further bank), have rendered the fertilizing waters agreeable to Yadu and Turvaśu; you two, (Indra and Kutsa), have assailed the fierce (Śuṣṇa), and (having slain him), you have conveyed Kutsa (to his dwelling), and Uśanās and the gods have therefore honoured you both.”
Details:
Ṛṣi (sage/seer): amahīyuḥ;Devatā (deity/subject-matter): indraḥ, indra kutso vā, indra uśanā vā ;
Chandas (meter): svarāṭpaṅkti;
Svara (tone/note): Swar;
Padapatha [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:
त्वम् । अ॒पः । यद॑वे । तु॒र्वशा॒य । अर॑मयः । सु॒ऽदुघाः॑ । पा॒रः । इ॒न्द्र॒ । उ॒ग्रम् । अ॒या॒त॒म् । अव॑हः । ह॒ । कुत्स॑म् । सम् । ह॒ । यत् । वा॒म् । उ॒शना॑ । अर॑न्त । दे॒वाः ॥
त्वम् । अपः । यदवे । तुर्वशाय । अरमयः । सुदुघाः । पारः । इन्द्र । उग्रम् । अयातम् । अवहः । ह । कुत्सम् । सम् । ह । यत् । वाम् । उशना । अरन्त । देवाः ॥
tvam | apaḥ | yadave | turvaśāya | aramayaḥ | su-dughāḥ | pāraḥ | indra | ugram | ayātam | avahaḥ | ha | kutsam | sam | ha | yat | vām | uśanā | aranta | devāḥ
Multi-layer Annotation of the Ṛgveda
[Rigveda 5.31.8 English analysis of grammar]
[noun], nominative, singular
“you.”
[noun], accusative, plural, feminine
“water; body of water; water; ap [word]; juice; jala.”
[noun], dative, singular, masculine
“Yadu; Yadu.”
[noun], dative, singular, masculine
[verb], singular, Imperfect
“love; please; gladden; dam.”
[adverb]
“very; well; good; nicely; beautiful; su; early; quite.”
[noun], accusative, plural, feminine
“yielding.”
[noun], nominative, singular, masculine
“pāra [word].”
[noun], vocative, singular, masculine
“Indra; leader; best; king; first; head; self; indra [word]; Indra; sapphire; fourteen; guru.”
[noun], accusative, singular, masculine
“powerful; awful; dangerous; intense; mighty; potent; colicky; atrocious.”
[verb], dual, Root aorist (Ind.)
“go; enter (a state); travel; disappear; reach; come; campaign; elapse; arrive; drive; reach; leave; run; depart; ride.”
[verb], singular, Imperfect
“transport; bring; marry; run; drive; vāhay; drive; run; pull; nirvāpay; blow; transport; discharge; assume; remove.”
[adverb]
“indeed; ha [word].”
[noun], accusative, singular, masculine
“Kutsa; kutsa [word].”
[adverb]
“sam; together; together; saṃ.”
[adverb]
“indeed; ha [word].”
[adverb]
“once [when]; because; that; if; how.”
[noun], accusative, dual
“you.”
[noun], instrumental, singular, feminine
[verb], singular, Root aorist (Ind.)
“delight; rejoice; love; frolic; desire; give; calm; break.”
[noun], nominative, plural, masculine
“Deva; Hindu deity; king; deity; Indra; deva [word]; God; Jina; Viśvedevās; mercury; natural phenomenon; gambling.”