Rig Veda (translation and commentary)
by H. H. Wilson | 1866 | 1,999,864 words | ISBN-10: 8171101380 | ISBN-13: 9788171101382
The Rig-Veda, English translation, including the commentary of Sayana and grammatical analysis. The hyms of the Rigveda Samhita represents some of the oldest and complex of Hindu Sanskrit literature. In ten books, these mantras form the core essence of rituals and ceremonies once widely performed throughout ancient India. This edition contains the...
Disclaimer: These are translations of Sanskrit texts and are not necessarily approved by everyone associated with the traditions connected to these texts. Consult the source and original scripture in case of doubt.
Rig Veda 5.28.3
Sanskrit text [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:
अग्ने॒ शर्ध॑ मह॒ते सौभ॑गाय॒ तव॑ द्यु॒म्नान्यु॑त्त॒मानि॑ सन्तु । सं जा॑स्प॒त्यं सु॒यम॒मा कृ॑णुष्व शत्रूय॒ताम॒भि ति॑ष्ठा॒ महां॑सि ॥
अग्ने शर्ध महते सौभगाय तव द्युम्नान्युत्तमानि सन्तु । सं जास्पत्यं सुयममा कृणुष्व शत्रूयतामभि तिष्ठा महांसि ॥
agne śardha mahate saubhagāya tava dyumnāny uttamāni santu | saṃ jāspatyaṃ suyamam ā kṛṇuṣva śatrūyatām abhi tiṣṭhā mahāṃsi ||
English translation:
“Repress, Agni, (our foes to ensure our) exceeding prosperity; may your riches ever be excellent; preserve in concord the relation of man and wife, and overpower the energies of the hostile.”
Commentary by Sāyaṇa: Ṛgveda-bhāṣya
Yajus. 33.12; preserve in concord: sam jāspatyam suyamam kṛṇuṣva, make perfect the well-connected duty of wife and husband
Details:
Ṛṣi (sage/seer): viśvāvārātreyī;Devatā (deity/subject-matter): agniḥ ;
Chandas (meter): nicṛttriṣṭup ;
Svara (tone/note): Swar;
Padapatha [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:
अग्ने॑ । शर्ध॑ । म॒ह॒ते । सौभ॑गाय । तव॑ । द्यु॒म्नानि॑ । उ॒त्ऽत॒मानि॑ । स॒न्तु॒ । सम् । जः॒ऽप॒त्यम् । सु॒ऽयम॑म् । आ । कृ॒णु॒ष्व॒ । श॒त्रु॒ऽय॒ताम् । अ॒भि । ति॒ष्ठ॒ । महां॑सि ॥
अग्ने । शर्ध । महते । सौभगाय । तव । द्युम्नानि । उत्तमानि । सन्तु । सम् । जःपत्यम् । सुयमम् । आ । कृणुष्व । शत्रुयताम् । अभि । तिष्ठ । महांसि ॥
agne | śardha | mahate | saubhagāya | tava | dyumnāni | ut-tamāni | santu | sam | jaḥ-patyam | su-yamam | ā | kṛṇuṣva | śatru-yatām | abhi | tiṣṭha | mahāṃsi
Multi-layer Annotation of the Ṛgveda
[Rigveda 5.28.3 English analysis of grammar]
[noun], vocative, singular, masculine
“fire; Agni; sacrificial fire; digestion; cautery; Plumbago zeylanica; fire; vahni; agni [word]; agnikarman; gold; three; jāraṇa; pyre; fireplace; heating.”
[verb], singular, Present imperative
[noun], dative, singular, neuter
“large; eminent; great; loud; dangerous; strong; long; high; much(a); mahant [word]; ample; very; great; adult; important; dark; high; abundant; violent; remarkable; mighty; big; long.”
[noun], dative, singular, neuter
“well-being.”
[noun], genitive, singular
“you.”
[noun], nominative, plural, neuter
“magnificence.”
[noun], nominative, plural, neuter
“best; excellent; highest; better; extreme; last; first; topmost; chief(a); higher; highest; maximal; uttama [word]; prevailing; finest.”
[verb], plural, Present imperative
“be; exist; become; originate; happen; result; be; dwell; be born; stay; be; equal; exist; transform.”
[adverb]
“sam; together; together; saṃ.”
[noun], accusative, singular, neuter
[adverb]
“very; well; good; nicely; beautiful; su; early; quite.”
[noun], accusative, singular, neuter
“Yama; yama; twin; yam; Yama; two; bridle; yama [word]; Asvins.”
[adverb]
“towards; ākāra; until; ā; since; according to; ā [suffix].”
[verb], singular, Present imperative
“make; perform; cause; produce; shape; construct; do; put; fill into; use; fuel; transform; bore; act; write; create; prepare; administer; dig; prepare; treat; take effect; add; trace; put on; process; treat; heed; hire; act; produce; assume; eat; ignite; chop; treat; obey; manufacture; appoint; evacuate; choose; understand; insert; happen; envelop; weigh; observe; practice; lend; bring; duplicate; plant; kṛ; concentrate; mix; knot; join; take; provide; utter; compose.”
[verb noun], genitive, plural
[adverb]
“towards; on.”
[verb], singular, Present imperative
“stay; stand; situate; exist; [in]; resist; endure; put; soak; be; stop; adhere; get stale; concentrate; grow; trust; wake; consociate; last; dwell; lie; stand; stop.”
[noun], accusative, plural, neuter
“greatness; festival; glory; reward; gladness.”