Rig Veda (translation and commentary)

by H. H. Wilson | 1866 | 1,999,864 words | ISBN-10: 8171101380 | ISBN-13: 9788171101382

The Rig-Veda, English translation, including the commentary of Sayana and grammatical analysis. The hyms of the Rigveda Samhita represents some of the oldest and complex of Hindu Sanskrit literature. In ten books, these mantras form the core essence of rituals and ceremonies once widely performed throughout ancient India. This edition contains the...

Disclaimer: These are translations of Sanskrit texts and are not necessarily approved by everyone associated with the traditions connected to these texts. Consult the source and original scripture in case of doubt.

Rig Veda 5.25.7

Sanskrit text [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:

यद्वाहि॑ष्ठं॒ तद॒ग्नये॑ बृ॒हद॑र्च विभावसो । महि॑षीव॒ त्वद्र॒यिस्त्वद्वाजा॒ उदी॑रते ॥
यद्वाहिष्ठं तदग्नये बृहदर्च विभावसो । महिषीव त्वद्रयिस्त्वद्वाजा उदीरते ॥
yad vāhiṣṭhaṃ tad agnaye bṛhad arca vibhāvaso | mahiṣīva tvad rayis tvad vājā ud īrate ||

English translation:

“That (praise) which best conveys (our veneration, is due) to Agni; affluent in splendour, grant us, (Agni), great (wealth), for from you vast riches and ample food proceed.”

Commentary by Sāyaṇa: Ṛgveda-bhāṣya

Yajus. 26.12; yad vahiṣṭham tad agnaye bṛhad arca vibhāvaso: addressed to the udgātā, the interpretation is: sing to Agni, that bṛhad sāma (a hymn of the Sāmaveda), which is the most effectual means of obtaining our desires; mahiṣī iva tvad rayistvad vājā udīrate: mahiṣī is the adjective of rayi, great riches, iveti pūraṇaḥ; alternatively, iva denotes a comparison, thus explaining the passage: as the first-married bride proceeds from her home to her hausband, prathamapariṇītā strī gṛhāt patim udgacchati so riches and food proceed to the worshipper, Agni, from you

Details:

Ṛṣi (sage/seer): vasuyava ātreyaḥ [vasuyava ātreya];
Devatā (deity/subject-matter): agniḥ ;
Chandas (meter): virāḍanuṣṭup ;
Svara (tone/note): Swar;

Padapatha [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:

यत् । वाहि॑ष्ठम् । तत् । अ॒ग्नये॑ । बृ॒हत् । अ॒र्च॒ । वि॒भा॒व॒सो॒ इति॑ विभाऽवसो । महि॑षीऽइव । त्वत् । र॒यिः । त्वत् । वाजाः॑ । उत् । ई॒रते ॥
यत् । वाहिष्ठम् । तत् । अग्नये । बृहत् । अर्च । विभावसो इति विभावसो । महिषीइव । त्वत् । रयिः । त्वत् । वाजाः । उत् । ईरते ॥
yat | vāhiṣṭham | tat | agnaye | bṛhat | arca | vibhāvaso itivibhāvaso | mahiṣī-iva | tvat | rayiḥ | tvat | vājāḥ | ut | īrate

Multi-layer Annotation of the Ṛgveda

[Rigveda 5.25.7 English analysis of grammar]

yad < yat < yad

[noun], nominative, singular, neuter

“who; which; yat [pronoun].”

vāhiṣṭhaṃ < vāhiṣṭham < vāhiṣṭha

[noun], nominative, singular, neuter

tad < tat < tad

[noun], accusative, singular, neuter

“this; he,she,it (pers. pron.); respective(a); that; nominative; then; particular(a); genitive; instrumental; accusative; there; tad [word]; dative; once; same.”

agnaye < agni

[noun], dative, singular, masculine

“fire; Agni; sacrificial fire; digestion; cautery; Plumbago zeylanica; fire; vahni; agni [word]; agnikarman; gold; three; jāraṇa; pyre; fireplace; heating.”

bṛhad < bṛhat

[noun], accusative, singular, neuter

“large; great; loud; high; much(a); exalted; abundant; intensive; strong; huge.”

arca < arc

[verb], singular, Present imperative

“sing; worship; honor; praise; welcome.”

vibhāvaso < vibhāvasu

[noun], vocative, singular, masculine

“fire; Agni; sun; Surya.”

mahiṣīva < mahiṣī

[noun], nominative, singular, feminine

“female buffalo; Mahiṣī; queen; mahiṣī [word]; mahiṣī; Old World buffalo.”

mahiṣīva < iva

[adverb]

“like; as it were; somehow; just so.”

tvad < tvat < tvad

[noun], ablative, singular

“you.”

rayis < rayiḥ < rayi

[noun], nominative, singular, masculine

“wealth; property.”

tvad < tvat < tvad

[noun], ablative, singular

“you.”

vājā < vājāḥ < vāja

[noun], nominative, plural, masculine

“prize; Vāja; reward; reward; Ribhus; vigor; strength; contest.”

ud

[adverb]

“up.”

īrate < īr

[verb], plural, Present indikative

“go.”

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