Rig Veda (translation and commentary)

by H. H. Wilson | 1866 | 1,999,864 words | ISBN-10: 8171101380 | ISBN-13: 9788171101382

The Rig-Veda, English translation, including the commentary of Sayana and grammatical analysis. The hyms of the Rigveda Samhita represents some of the oldest and complex of Hindu Sanskrit literature. In ten books, these mantras form the core essence of rituals and ceremonies once widely performed throughout ancient India. This edition contains the...

Disclaimer: These are translations of Sanskrit texts and are not necessarily approved by everyone associated with the traditions connected to these texts. Consult the source and original scripture in case of doubt.

Rig Veda 5.9.4

Sanskrit text [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:

उ॒त स्म॑ दुर्गृभीयसे पु॒त्रो न ह्वा॒र्याणा॑म् । पु॒रू यो दग्धासि॒ वनाग्ने॑ प॒शुर्न यव॑से ॥
उत स्म दुर्गृभीयसे पुत्रो न ह्वार्याणाम् । पुरू यो दग्धासि वनाग्ने पशुर्न यवसे ॥
uta sma durgṛbhīyase putro na hvāryāṇām | purū yo dagdhāsi vanāgne paśur na yavase ||

English translation:

“You are laid hold of with difficulty like the young of tortuously-twining (snakes); you who are the consumer of many forests, as an animal is of fodder.”

Commentary by Sāyaṇa: Ṛgveda-bhāṣya

Like the young of tortuously twining snakes: putro na hvāryāṇām, like the son of the crooked-going, like a young snake, bāla sarpaḥ; or it may mean the colt of rearing and plural nging horses, of those not broken in a aśiksi.ta bālaśvaḥ

Details:

Ṛṣi (sage/seer): gaya ātreyaḥ [gaya ātreya];
Devatā (deity/subject-matter): agniḥ ;
Chandas (meter): bhuriguṣṇik ;
Svara (tone/note): Swar;

Padapatha [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:

उ॒त । स्म॒ । दुः॒ऽगृ॒भी॒य॒से॒ । पु॒त्रः । न । ह्वा॒र्याणा॑म् । पु॒रु । यः । दग्धा॑ । असि॑ । वना॑ । अग्ने॑ । प॒शुः । न । यव॑से ॥
उत । स्म । दुःगृभीयसे । पुत्रः । न । ह्वार्याणाम् । पुरु । यः । दग्धा । असि । वना । अग्ने । पशुः । न । यवसे ॥
uta | sma | duḥ-gṛbhīyase | putraḥ | na | hvāryāṇām | puru | yaḥ | dagdhā | asi | vanā | agne | paśuḥ | na | yavase

Multi-layer Annotation of the Ṛgveda

[Rigveda 5.9.4 English analysis of grammar]

uta

[adverb]

“and; besides; uta [indecl.]; similarly; alike; even.”

sma

[adverb]

durgṛbhīyase < durgṛbhīy

[verb], singular, Present indikative

putro < putraḥ < putra

[noun], nominative, singular, masculine

“son; putra [word]; male child; Putra; Bodhisattva.”

na

[adverb]

“not; like; no; na [word].”

hvāryāṇām < hvārya

[noun], genitive, plural, masculine

“bird.”

purū < puru

[noun], accusative, plural, neuter

“many; much(a); very.”

yo < yaḥ < yad

[noun], nominative, singular, masculine

“who; which; yat [pronoun].”

dagdhāsi < dah

[verb], singular, periphrast. future

“burn; cauterize; heat; burn; burn; burn; roast; blaze; burn; distress; destroy.”

vanāgne < vanā < vana

[noun], accusative, plural, neuter

“forest; wood; tree; grove; vana [word]; forest; brush.”

vanāgne < agne < agni

[noun], vocative, singular, masculine

“fire; Agni; sacrificial fire; digestion; cautery; Plumbago zeylanica; fire; vahni; agni [word]; agnikarman; gold; three; jāraṇa; pyre; fireplace; heating.”

paśur < paśuḥ < paśu

[noun], nominative, singular, masculine

“domestic animal; sacrificial animal; animal; cattle; Paśu; stupid; Paśu; herd; goat.”

na

[adverb]

“not; like; no; na [word].”

yavase < yavasa

[noun], locative, singular, masculine

“eatage; pasture; fodder.”

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