Rig Veda (translation and commentary)

by H. H. Wilson | 1866 | 1,999,864 words | ISBN-10: 8171101380 | ISBN-13: 9788171101382

The Rig-Veda, English translation, including the commentary of Sayana and grammatical analysis. The hyms of the Rigveda Samhita represents some of the oldest and complex of Hindu Sanskrit literature. In ten books, these mantras form the core essence of rituals and ceremonies once widely performed throughout ancient India. This edition contains the...

Disclaimer: These are translations of Sanskrit texts and are not necessarily approved by everyone associated with the traditions connected to these texts. Consult the source and original scripture in case of doubt.

Rig Veda 5.8.7

Sanskrit text [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:

त्वाम॑ग्ने प्र॒दिव॒ आहु॑तं घृ॒तैः सु॑म्ना॒यव॑: सुष॒मिधा॒ समी॑धिरे । स वा॑वृधा॒न ओष॑धीभिरुक्षि॒तो॒३॒॑ऽभि ज्रयां॑सि॒ पार्थि॑वा॒ वि ति॑ष्ठसे ॥
त्वामग्ने प्रदिव आहुतं घृतैः सुम्नायवः सुषमिधा समीधिरे । स वावृधान ओषधीभिरुक्षितोऽभि ज्रयांसि पार्थिवा वि तिष्ठसे ॥
tvām agne pradiva āhutaṃ ghṛtaiḥ sumnāyavaḥ suṣamidhā sam īdhire | sa vāvṛdhāna oṣadhībhir ukṣito 'bhi jrayāṃsi pārthivā vi tiṣṭhase ||

English translation:

“The ancient seekers after happiness hav ekindled you, Agni, when invoked, (and fed you) with abundant fuel; and you (thereby) increasing, and supplied with shrubs, are dominat over all terrestrial viands.”

Commentary by Sāyaṇa: Ṛgveda-bhāṣya

Abhi jayāṃsi pārthiva vi tiṣṭhase: jayāṃsi = annāni, food, eatbles;

Pārthiva = vṛkṣaḥ, trees, an epither of jayāṃsi, earthly eatbles, as the cakes and butter presented in sacrifices with fire

Details:

Ṛṣi (sage/seer): iṣa ātreyaḥ [iṣa ātreya];
Devatā (deity/subject-matter): agniḥ ;
Chandas (meter): virāḍjagatī ;
Svara (tone/note): Swar;

Padapatha [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:

त्वाम् । अ॒ग्ने॒ । प्र॒ऽदिवः॑ । आऽहु॑तम् । घृ॒तैः । सु॒म्न॒ऽयवः॑ । सु॒ऽस॒मिधा॑ । सम् । ई॒धि॒रे॒ । सः । व॒वृ॒धा॒नः । ओष॑धीऽभिः । उ॒क्षि॒तः । अ॒भि । ज्रयां॑सि । पार्थि॑वा । वि । ति॒ष्ठ॒से॒ ॥
त्वाम् । अग्ने । प्रदिवः । आहुतम् । घृतैः । सुम्नयवः । सुसमिधा । सम् । ईधिरे । सः । ववृधानः । ओषधीभिः । उक्षितः । अभि । ज्रयांसि । पार्थिवा । वि । तिष्ठसे ॥
tvām | agne | pra-divaḥ | āhutam | ghṛtaiḥ | sumna-yavaḥ | su-samidhā | sam | īdhire | saḥ | vavṛdhānaḥ | oṣadhī-bhiḥ | ukṣitaḥ | abhi | jrayāṃsi | pārthivā | vi | t iṣṭhase

Multi-layer Annotation of the Ṛgveda

[Rigveda 5.8.7 English analysis of grammar]

tvām < tvad

[noun], accusative, singular

“you.”

agne < agni

[noun], vocative, singular, masculine

“fire; Agni; sacrificial fire; digestion; cautery; Plumbago zeylanica; fire; vahni; agni [word]; agnikarman; gold; three; jāraṇa; pyre; fireplace; heating.”

pradiva < pradivaḥ < pradiv

[noun], ablative, singular, masculine

“age-old; long.”

āhutaṃ < āhutam < āhu < √hu

[verb noun], accusative, singular

“sacrifice; sprinkle.”

ghṛtaiḥ < ghṛta

[noun], instrumental, plural, neuter

“ghee; fat.”

sumnāyavaḥ < sumnāyu

[noun], nominative, plural, masculine

“gracious.”

suṣamidhā < su

[adverb]

“very; well; good; nicely; beautiful; su; early; quite.”

suṣamidhā < ṣamidhā < samidh

[noun], instrumental, singular, feminine

“firewood; kindling; fuel; fire.”

sam

[adverb]

“sam; together; together; saṃ.”

īdhire < indh

[verb], plural, Perfect indicative

“kindle; ignite; set ablaze.”

sa < tad

[noun], nominative, singular, masculine

“this; he,she,it (pers. pron.); respective(a); that; nominative; then; particular(a); genitive; instrumental; accusative; there; tad [word]; dative; once; same.”

vāvṛdhāna < vāvṛdhānaḥ < vṛdh

[verb noun], nominative, singular

“increase; grow; vṛdh; increase; succeed; strengthen; grow up; spread.”

oṣadhībhir < oṣadhībhiḥ < oṣadhī

[noun], instrumental, plural, feminine

“herb; plant; drug; herb.”

ukṣito < ukṣitaḥ < vakṣ

[verb noun], nominative, singular

“grow; grow.”

'bhi < abhi

[adverb]

“towards; on.”

jrayāṃsi < jrayas

[noun], accusative, plural, neuter

“expanse; area.”

pārthivā < pārthiva

[noun], accusative, plural, neuter

“earthly; earthen; mundane; royal; tellurian; sublunar.”

vi

[adverb]

“apart; away; away.”

tiṣṭhase < sthā

[verb], singular, Present indikative

“stay; stand; situate; exist; [in]; resist; endure; put; soak; be; stop; adhere; get stale; concentrate; grow; trust; wake; consociate; last; dwell; lie; stand; stop.”

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