Rig Veda (translation and commentary)

by H. H. Wilson | 1866 | 1,999,864 words | ISBN-10: 8171101380 | ISBN-13: 9788171101382

The Rig-Veda, English translation, including the commentary of Sayana and grammatical analysis. The hyms of the Rigveda Samhita represents some of the oldest and complex of Hindu Sanskrit literature. In ten books, these mantras form the core essence of rituals and ceremonies once widely performed throughout ancient India. This edition contains the...

Disclaimer: These are translations of Sanskrit texts and are not necessarily approved by everyone associated with the traditions connected to these texts. Consult the source and original scripture in case of doubt.

Rig Veda 5.7.7

Sanskrit text [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:

स हि ष्मा॒ धन्वाक्षि॑तं॒ दाता॒ न दात्या प॒शुः । हिरि॑श्मश्रु॒: शुचि॑दन्नृ॒भुरनि॑भृष्टतविषिः ॥
स हि ष्मा धन्वाक्षितं दाता न दात्या पशुः । हिरिश्मश्रुः शुचिदन्नृभुरनिभृष्टतविषिः ॥
sa hi ṣmā dhanvākṣitaṃ dātā na dāty ā paśuḥ | hiriśmaśruḥ śucidann ṛbhur anibhṛṣṭataviṣiḥ ||

English translation:

“He crops the dry ground strewn (with grass and wood), like an animal grazing; he with a golden beard, with shining teeth, vast, and of irresistible strength.”

Commentary by Sāyaṇa: Ṛgveda-bhāṣya

He crops the dry ground: dhanvākṣitam dāti: dhanvā = a plural ce without water, nirudakapradeśam;

Ākṣitam = tṛṇakāṣṭhādibhir ākṣiptam, tossed over with grass, timber

Details:

Ṛṣi (sage/seer): iṣa ātreyaḥ [iṣa ātreya];
Devatā (deity/subject-matter): agniḥ ;
Chandas (meter): svarāḍuṣnik ;
Svara (tone/note): Swar;

Padapatha [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:

सः । हि । ष्म॒ । धन्व॑ । आऽक्षि॑तम् । दाता॑ । न । दाति॑ । आ । प॒शुः । हिरि॑ऽश्मश्रुः । शुचि॑ऽदन् । ऋ॒भुः । अनि॑भृष्टऽतविषिः ॥
सः । हि । ष्म । धन्व । आक्षितम् । दाता । न । दाति । आ । पशुः । हिरिश्मश्रुः । शुचिदन् । ऋभुः । अनिभृष्टतविषिः ॥
saḥ | hi | ṣma | dhanva | ākṣitam | dātā | na | dāti | ā | paśuḥ | hiri-śmaśruḥ | śuci--dan | ṛbhuḥ | anibhṛṣṭa-taviṣiḥ

Multi-layer Annotation of the Ṛgveda

[Rigveda 5.7.7 English analysis of grammar]

sa < tad

[noun], nominative, singular, masculine

“this; he,she,it (pers. pron.); respective(a); that; nominative; then; particular(a); genitive; instrumental; accusative; there; tad [word]; dative; once; same.”

hi

[adverb]

“because; indeed; for; therefore; hi [word].”

ṣmā < sma

[adverb]

dhanvākṣitaṃ < dhanva < dhanvan

[noun], accusative, singular, neuter

“bow; desert; steppe; barren.”

dhanvākṣitaṃ < akṣitam < akṣita

[noun], accusative, singular, neuter

“undecaying; uninjured.”

dātā < dātṛ

[noun], nominative, singular, masculine

na

[adverb]

“not; like; no; na [word].”

dāty < dāti <

[verb], singular, Present indikative

“cut; mow.”

ā

[adverb]

“towards; ākāra; until; ā; since; according to; ā [suffix].”

paśuḥ < paśu

[noun], nominative, singular, masculine

“domestic animal; sacrificial animal; animal; cattle; Paśu; stupid; Paśu; herd; goat.”

hiriśmaśruḥ < hiriśmaśru

[noun], nominative, singular, masculine

śucidann < śucidan < śucidat

[noun], nominative, singular, masculine

ṛbhur < ṛbhuḥ < ṛbhu

[noun], nominative, singular, masculine

“Ribhus.”

anibhṛṣṭataviṣiḥ < a

[adverb]

“not; akāra; a [taddhita]; a [word]; a; a.”

anibhṛṣṭataviṣiḥ < nibhṛṣṭa < nibhraṃś < √bhraṃś

[verb noun]

anibhṛṣṭataviṣiḥ < taviṣiḥ < taviṣī

[noun], nominative, singular, masculine

“strength; power.”

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