Rig Veda (translation and commentary)
by H. H. Wilson | 1866 | 1,999,864 words | ISBN-10: 8171101380 | ISBN-13: 9788171101382
The Rig-Veda, English translation, including the commentary of Sayana and grammatical analysis. The hyms of the Rigveda Samhita represents some of the oldest and complex of Hindu Sanskrit literature. In ten books, these mantras form the core essence of rituals and ceremonies once widely performed throughout ancient India. This edition contains the...
Disclaimer: These are translations of Sanskrit texts and are not necessarily approved by everyone associated with the traditions connected to these texts. Consult the source and original scripture in case of doubt.
Rig Veda 5.3.1
Sanskrit text [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:
त्वम॑ग्ने॒ वरु॑णो॒ जाय॑से॒ यत्त्वं मि॒त्रो भ॑वसि॒ यत्समि॑द्धः । त्वे विश्वे॑ सहसस्पुत्र दे॒वास्त्वमिन्द्रो॑ दा॒शुषे॒ मर्त्या॑य ॥
त्वमग्ने वरुणो जायसे यत्त्वं मित्रो भवसि यत्समिद्धः । त्वे विश्वे सहसस्पुत्र देवास्त्वमिन्द्रो दाशुषे मर्त्याय ॥
tvam agne varuṇo jāyase yat tvam mitro bhavasi yat samiddhaḥ | tve viśve sahasas putra devās tvam indro dāśuṣe martyāya ||
English translation:
“You, Agni, are born Varuṇa, you become Mitra when kindled; in you, son of strength, are all the gods; you are Indra, son of strength, to the mortal who presents (oblations).”
Details:
Ṛṣi (sage/seer): vasuśruta ātreyaḥ [vasuśruta ātreya];Devatā (deity/subject-matter): agniḥ ;
Chandas (meter): nicṛtpaṅkti ;
Svara (tone/note): Swar;
Padapatha [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:
त्वम् । अ॒ग्ने॒ । वरु॑णः । जाय॑से । यत् । त्वम् । मि॒त्रः । भ॒व॒सि॒ । यत् । सम्ऽइ॑द्धः । त्वे । विश्वे॑ । स॒ह॒सः॒ । पु॒त्र॒ । दे॒वाः । त्वम् । इन्द्रः॑ । दा॒शुषे॑ । मर्त्या॑य ॥
त्वम् । अग्ने । वरुणः । जायसे । यत् । त्वम् । मित्रः । भवसि । यत् । सम्इद्धः । त्वे । विश्वे । सहसः । पुत्र । देवाः । त्वम् । इन्द्रः । दाशुषे । मर्त्याय ॥
tvam | agne | varuṇaḥ | jāyase | yat | tvam | mitraḥ | bhavasi | yat | sam-iddhaḥ | tve | viśve | sahasaḥ | putra | devāḥ | tvam | indraḥ | dāśuṣe | martyāya
Multi-layer Annotation of the Ṛgveda
[Rigveda 5.3.1 English analysis of grammar]
[noun], nominative, singular
“you.”
[noun], vocative, singular, masculine
“fire; Agni; sacrificial fire; digestion; cautery; Plumbago zeylanica; fire; vahni; agni [word]; agnikarman; gold; three; jāraṇa; pyre; fireplace; heating.”
[noun], nominative, singular, masculine
“Varuna; varuṇa [word]; Crataeva religiosa Forst.; Varuṇa; varuṇādi.”
[verb], singular, Present indikative
“become; originate; be born; transform; happen; result; grow; beget; produce; create; conceive; separate; cause; give birth; grow; produce; generate; be; become; arise; come on.”
[noun], accusative, singular, neuter
“who; which; yat [pronoun].”
[noun], nominative, singular
“you.”
[noun], nominative, singular, masculine
“friend; Mitra; mitra [word]; sun; ally.”
[verb], singular, Present indikative
“become; be; originate; transform; happen; result; exist; be born; be; be; come to life; grow; elapse; come to mind; thrive; become; impend; show; conceive; understand; stand; constitute; serve; apply; behave.”
[adverb]
“once [when]; because; that; if; how.”
[verb noun], nominative, singular
“kindle; blaze.”
[noun], locative, singular
“you.”
[noun], nominative, plural, masculine
“all(a); whole; complete; each(a); viśva [word]; completely; wholly.”
[noun], genitive, singular, neuter
“force; strength; might; sahas [word]; conquest.”
[noun], vocative, singular, masculine
“son; putra [word]; male child; Putra; Bodhisattva.”
[noun], nominative, plural, masculine
“Deva; Hindu deity; king; deity; Indra; deva [word]; God; Jina; Viśvedevās; mercury; natural phenomenon; gambling.”
[noun], nominative, singular
“you.”
[noun], nominative, singular, masculine
“Indra; leader; best; king; first; head; self; indra [word]; Indra; sapphire; fourteen; guru.”
[verb noun], dative, singular
“sacrifice; give.”
[noun], dative, singular, masculine
“man; people; martya [word]; Earth.”