Rig Veda (translation and commentary)

by H. H. Wilson | 1866 | 1,999,864 words | ISBN-10: 8171101380 | ISBN-13: 9788171101382

The Rig-Veda, English translation, including the commentary of Sayana and grammatical analysis. The hyms of the Rigveda Samhita represents some of the oldest and complex of Hindu Sanskrit literature. In ten books, these mantras form the core essence of rituals and ceremonies once widely performed throughout ancient India. This edition contains the...

Disclaimer: These are translations of Sanskrit texts and are not necessarily approved by everyone associated with the traditions connected to these texts. Consult the source and original scripture in case of doubt.

Rig Veda 4.58.11

Sanskrit text [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:

धाम॑न्ते॒ विश्वं॒ भुव॑न॒मधि॑ श्रि॒तम॒न्तः स॑मु॒द्रे हृ॒द्य१॒॑न्तरायु॑षि । अ॒पामनी॑के समि॒थे य आभृ॑त॒स्तम॑श्याम॒ मधु॑मन्तं त ऊ॒र्मिम् ॥
धामन्ते विश्वं भुवनमधि श्रितमन्तः समुद्रे हृद्यन्तरायुषि । अपामनीके समिथे य आभृतस्तमश्याम मधुमन्तं त ऊर्मिम् ॥
dhāman te viśvam bhuvanam adhi śritam antaḥ samudre hṛdy antar āyuṣi | apām anīke samithe ya ābhṛtas tam aśyāma madhumantaṃ ta ūrmim ||

English translation:

“The whole world, (Agni), finds an asylum in your effulgence, whether it be in the ocean, in the heart (of man), in the life (of living beings), in the assemblage of the waters, or in warfare; may we attain the sweet-flavoured wave which is established in your (essence).”

Commentary by Sāyaṇa: Ṛgveda-bhāṣya

Dhāman te viśvam bhuvanam adhiśritam: dhāman = tejaḥ sthāne, in the plural ce of brightness or heat (or vibhutyam, superhuman power); the purport is to identify all things with Agni, present in the ocean as submarine fire, in men as vaiśvānara, an etymological pun from viśva, all and nara, man; in life, āyuṣi, as the vital principle, or āyus. may mean food, anna, when the digestive fire is intended; in the assembled waters or the firmament, as lightning; in war, as the metaphorical fire of valour; that sweet-flavoured wave: ūrmiḥ ya ābhṛtaḥ, the wave which is so deposited, sthāpitaḥ, may imply either the butter of the oblation, or water in the shape of rain. The reference to madhu in this and previous verse, establish that the implied reference is o Soma

Details:

Ṛṣi (sage/seer): vāmadevo gautamaḥ [vāmadeva gautama];
Devatā (deity/subject-matter): agniḥ sūryo vā'po vā gāvo vā ghṛtaṃ;
Chandas (meter): svarāṭtriṣṭup ;
Svara (tone/note): Swar;

Padapatha [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:

धाम॑न् । ते॒ । विश्व॑म् । भुव॑नम् । अधि॑ । श्रि॒तम् । अ॒न्तरिति॑ । स॒मु॒द्रे । हृ॒दि । अ॒न्तः । आयु॑षि । अ॒पाम् । अनी॑के । स॒म्ऽइ॒थे । यः । आऽभृ॑तः । तम् । अ॒श्या॒म॒ । मधु॑ऽमन्तम् । ते॒ । ऊ॒र्मिम् ॥
धामन् । ते । विश्वम् । भुवनम् । अधि । श्रितम् । अन्तरिति । समुद्रे । हृदि । अन्तः । आयुषि । अपाम् । अनीके । सम्इथे । यः । आभृतः । तम् । अश्याम । मधुमन्तम् । ते । ऊर्मिम् ॥
dhāman | te | viśvam | bhuvanam | adhi | śritam | antariti | samudre | hṛdi | antaḥ | āyuṣi | apām | anīke | sam-ithe | yaḥ | ābhṛtaḥ | tam | aśyāma | madhu-mantam | te | ūrmim

Multi-layer Annotation of the Ṛgveda

[Rigveda 4.58.11 English analysis of grammar]

dhāman

[noun], locative, singular, neuter

“domain; dwelling; law; appearance; light; race; agreement; color; location.”

te < tvad

[noun], genitive, singular

“you.”

viśvam < viśva

[noun], nominative, singular, neuter

“all(a); whole; complete; each(a); viśva [word]; completely; wholly.”

bhuvanam < bhuvana

[noun], nominative, singular, neuter

“Earth; being; world; bhuvana [word].”

adhi

[adverb]

“on; from; accordingly.”

śritam < śri

[verb noun], nominative, singular

“situate; dwell; go; lurk; reach; rear; repose; cling to.”

antaḥ < antar

[adverb]

“inside; in; antar [word]; midmost; between; among.”

samudre < samudra

[noun], locative, singular, masculine

“ocean; Samudra; sea; samudra [word]; four.”

hṛdy < hṛdi < hṛd

[noun], locative, singular, neuter

“heart; heart; mind; breast; hṛd [word].”

antar

[adverb]

“inside; in; antar [word]; midmost; between; among.”

āyuṣi < āyus

[noun], locative, singular, neuter

“life; longevity; āyus; life; āyus [word]; Āyus.”

apām < ap

[noun], genitive, plural, feminine

“water; body of water; water; ap [word]; juice; jala.”

anīke < anīka

[noun], locative, singular, neuter

“army; face; battalion; battlefront; point; appearance.”

samithe < samitha

[noun], locative, singular, neuter

“battle; conflict.”

ya < yaḥ < yad

[noun], nominative, singular, masculine

“who; which; yat [pronoun].”

ābhṛtas < ābhṛtaḥ < ābhṛ < √bhṛ

[verb noun], nominative, singular

“bring.”

tam < tad

[noun], accusative, singular, masculine

“this; he,she,it (pers. pron.); respective(a); that; nominative; then; particular(a); genitive; instrumental; accusative; there; tad [word]; dative; once; same.”

aśyāma <

[verb], plural, Aorist optative

“get; reach; enter (a state).”

madhumantaṃ < madhumantam < madhumat

[noun], accusative, singular, masculine

“sweet; honeyed; sweet; pleasant.”

ta < te < tvad

[noun], genitive, singular

“you.”

ūrmim < ūrmi

[noun], accusative, singular, masculine

“wave; billow.”

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