Rig Veda (translation and commentary)

by H. H. Wilson | 1866 | 1,999,864 words | ISBN-10: 8171101380 | ISBN-13: 9788171101382

The Rig-Veda, English translation, including the commentary of Sayana and grammatical analysis. The hyms of the Rigveda Samhita represents some of the oldest and complex of Hindu Sanskrit literature. In ten books, these mantras form the core essence of rituals and ceremonies once widely performed throughout ancient India. This edition contains the...

Disclaimer: These are translations of Sanskrit texts and are not necessarily approved by everyone associated with the traditions connected to these texts. Consult the source and original scripture in case of doubt.

Rig Veda 4.56.6

Sanskrit text [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:

पु॒ना॒ने त॒न्वा॑ मि॒थः स्वेन॒ दक्षे॑ण राजथः । ऊ॒ह्याथे॑ स॒नादृ॒तम् ॥
पुनाने तन्वा मिथः स्वेन दक्षेण राजथः । ऊह्याथे सनादृतम् ॥
punāne tanvā mithaḥ svena dakṣeṇa rājathaḥ | ūhyāthe sanād ṛtam ||

English translation:

“Mutually sanctifying (each other) of your own substance you shine by your own power, and ever beat away the offering.”

Commentary by Sāyaṇa: Ṛgveda-bhāṣya

Mutually sanctifying each other: punāne tanvā mithaḥ: this may apply to the worship or the worshipper, purifying them severally by each individual form, svakīyāya murtyā śodhayantau yajñam yajamānam vā; or, this may apply to the regions, heaven and earth, the former purifying or fertilizing the latteer by rain, the latter supporting the former by cultivation: dyauḥ svakīyena sthitena divam, by that which is in the sky or the moon

Details:

Ṛṣi (sage/seer): vāmadevo gautamaḥ [vāmadeva gautama];
Devatā (deity/subject-matter): dyāvāpṛthivyau ;
Chandas (meter): virāḍgāyatrī ;
Svara (tone/note): Swar;

Padapatha [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:

पु॒ना॒ने इति॑ । त॒न्वा॑ । मि॒थः । स्वेन॑ । दक्षे॑ण । रा॒ज॒थः॒ । ऊ॒ह्याथे॒ इति॑ । स॒नात् । ऋ॒तम् ॥
पुनाने इति । तन्वा । मिथः । स्वेन । दक्षेण । राजथः । ऊह्याथे इति । सनात् । ऋतम् ॥
punāne iti | tanvā | mithaḥ | svena | dakṣeṇa | rājathaḥ | ūhyātheiti | sanāt | ṛtam

Multi-layer Annotation of the Ṛgveda

[Rigveda 4.56.6 English analysis of grammar]

punāne <

[verb noun], nominative, dual

“purify; filter; blow; purify; purge; sift.”

tanvā < tanū

[noun], instrumental, singular, feminine

“body; self; own(a); person; form.”

mithaḥ < mithas

[adverb]

“together; mutually; alternately.”

svena < sva

[noun], instrumental, singular, masculine

“own(a); respective(a); akin(p); sva [word]; individual; present(a); independent.”

dakṣeṇa < dakṣa

[noun], instrumental, singular, masculine

“Dakṣa; ability; cock; fitness; will; purpose; disposition; cock.”

rājathaḥ < rāj

[verb], dual, Present indikative

“govern; shine; glitter; direct.”

ūhyāthe < ūh

[verb], dual, Perfect indicative

“diagnose.”

sanād < sanāt

[adverb]

ṛtam < ṛta

[noun], accusative, singular, neuter

“truth; order; fixed order; ṛta [word]; law; custom; custom.”

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