Rig Veda (translation and commentary)
by H. H. Wilson | 1866 | 1,999,864 words | ISBN-10: 8171101380 | ISBN-13: 9788171101382
The Rig-Veda, English translation, including the commentary of Sayana and grammatical analysis. The hyms of the Rigveda Samhita represents some of the oldest and complex of Hindu Sanskrit literature. In ten books, these mantras form the core essence of rituals and ceremonies once widely performed throughout ancient India. This edition contains the...
Disclaimer: These are translations of Sanskrit texts and are not necessarily approved by everyone associated with the traditions connected to these texts. Consult the source and original scripture in case of doubt.
Rig Veda 4.43.6
Sanskrit text [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:
सिन्धु॑र्ह वां र॒सया॑ सिञ्च॒दश्वा॑न्घृ॒णा वयो॑ऽरु॒षास॒: परि॑ ग्मन् । तदू॒ षु वा॑मजि॒रं चे॑ति॒ यानं॒ येन॒ पती॒ भव॑थः सू॒र्याया॑: ॥
सिन्धुर्ह वां रसया सिञ्चदश्वान्घृणा वयोऽरुषासः परि ग्मन् । तदू षु वामजिरं चेति यानं येन पती भवथः सूर्यायाः ॥
sindhur ha vāṃ rasayā siñcad aśvān ghṛṇā vayo 'ruṣāsaḥ pari gman | tad ū ṣu vām ajiraṃ ceti yānaṃ yena patī bhavathaḥ sūryāyāḥ ||
English translation:
“The flowing (stream) has sprinkled your steeds with moisture; the radiant horses (like) birds (in swiftness) pass on, bright with lustre; well known as that quick-moving chariot, whereby you became the lords of Sūrya.”
Commentary by Sāyaṇa: Ṛgveda-bhāṣya
The flowing stream: sindhu, this may mean here, either water or a cloud
Details:
Ṛṣi (sage/seer): purumīḷahājamīḷahau sauhotrau;Devatā (deity/subject-matter): aśvinau ;
Chandas (meter): nicṛttriṣṭup ;
Svara (tone/note): Swar;
Padapatha [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:
सिन्धुः॑ । ह॒ । वा॒म् । र॒सया॑ । सि॒ञ्च॒त् । अश्वा॑न् । घृ॒णा । वयः॑ । अ॒रु॒षासः॑ । परि॑ । ग्म॒न् । तत् । ऊँ॒ इति॑ । सु । वा॒म् । अ॒जि॒रम् । चे॒ति॒ । यान॑म् । येन॑ । पती॒ इति॑ । भव॑थः । सू॒र्यायाः॑ ॥
सिन्धुः । ह । वाम् । रसया । सिञ्चत् । अश्वान् । घृणा । वयः । अरुषासः । परि । ग्मन् । तत् । ऊँ इति । सु । वाम् । अजिरम् । चेति । यानम् । येन । पती इति । भवथः । सूर्यायाः ॥
sindhuḥ | ha | vām | rasayā | siñcat | aśvān | ghṛṇā | vayaḥ | aruṣāsaḥ | pari | gman | tat | oṃ iti | su | vām | ajiram | ceti | yānam | yena | patī iti | bhavathaḥ | sūryāyāḥ
Multi-layer Annotation of the Ṛgveda
[Rigveda 4.43.6 English analysis of grammar]
[noun], nominative, singular, masculine
“river; Indus; sindhu [word].”
[adverb]
“indeed; ha [word].”
[noun], genitive, dual
“you.”
[noun], instrumental, singular, feminine
“Rasā; Earth; Earth.”
[verb], singular, Present injunctive
“submerge; sprinkle; pour; wet; decant; impregnate.”
[noun], accusative, plural, masculine
“horse; aśva [word]; Aśva; stallion.”
[noun], accusative, plural, feminine
“compassion; disgust; affection.”
[noun], nominative, plural, masculine
“vi; bird; vi.”
[noun], nominative, plural, masculine
“red; red.”
[adverb]
“from; about; around.”
[verb], plural, Aorist inj. (proh.)
“go; situate; enter (a state); travel; disappear; [in]; elapse; leave; reach; vanish; love; walk; approach; issue; hop on; gasify; get; come; die; drain; spread; transform; happen; discharge; ride; to be located; run; detect; refer; go; shall; drive.”
[noun], nominative, singular, neuter
“this; he,she,it (pers. pron.); respective(a); that; nominative; then; particular(a); genitive; instrumental; accusative; there; tad [word]; dative; once; same.”
[adverb]
“ukāra; besides; now; indeed; u.”
[adverb]
“very; well; good; nicely; beautiful; su; early; quite.”
[noun], genitive, dual
“you.”
[noun], nominative, singular, neuter
“fast; agile; ajira [word].”
[verb], singular, Aorist passive
“notice; observe; attend to; intend.”
[noun], nominative, singular, neuter
“vehicle; journey; campaign; carriage; vessel; cart.”
[noun], instrumental, singular, neuter
“who; which; yat [pronoun].”
[noun], nominative, dual, masculine
“husband; overlord; king; deity; īśvara; ruler; pati [word]; commanding officer; leader; owner; mayor; lord.”
[verb], dual, Present indikative
“become; be; originate; transform; happen; result; exist; be born; be; be; come to life; grow; elapse; come to mind; thrive; become; impend; show; conceive; understand; stand; constitute; serve; apply; behave.”
[noun], genitive, singular, feminine
“Citrullus colocynthis Schrad..”