Rig Veda (translation and commentary)
by H. H. Wilson | 1866 | 1,999,864 words | ISBN-10: 8171101380 | ISBN-13: 9788171101382
The Rig-Veda, English translation, including the commentary of Sayana and grammatical analysis. The hyms of the Rigveda Samhita represents some of the oldest and complex of Hindu Sanskrit literature. In ten books, these mantras form the core essence of rituals and ceremonies once widely performed throughout ancient India. This edition contains the...
Disclaimer: These are translations of Sanskrit texts and are not necessarily approved by everyone associated with the traditions connected to these texts. Consult the source and original scripture in case of doubt.
Rig Veda 4.42.8
Sanskrit text [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:
अ॒स्माक॒मत्र॑ पि॒तर॒स्त आ॑सन्त्स॒प्त ऋष॑यो दौर्ग॒हे ब॒ध्यमा॑ने । त आय॑जन्त त्र॒सद॑स्युमस्या॒ इन्द्रं॒ न वृ॑त्र॒तुर॑मर्धदे॒वम् ॥
अस्माकमत्र पितरस्त आसन्त्सप्त ऋषयो दौर्गहे बध्यमाने । त आयजन्त त्रसदस्युमस्या इन्द्रं न वृत्रतुरमर्धदेवम् ॥
asmākam atra pitaras ta āsan sapta ṛṣayo daurgahe badhyamāne | ta āyajanta trasadasyum asyā indraṃ na vṛtraturam ardhadevam ||
English translation:
“The seven ṛṣis were the protectors of this our (kingdom) when the son of Durgaha was in bonds; performing worship they obtained for (his queen) from the favour of Indra and Varuṇa, Trasadasyu, like Indra the slayer of foes, dwelling near the gods.”
Commentary by Sāyaṇa: Ṛgveda-bhāṣya
Trasadasyu: Purukutsa, son of Durgaha, being a prisoner, his queen propitiated the seven ṛṣis to obtain a son who might take his father's plural ce; they advised her to worship Indra and Varuṇa, in consequence of which Trasadasyu was born
Details:
Ṛṣi (sage/seer): trasadasyuḥ paurukutsyaḥ [trasadasyuḥ paurukutsya];Devatā (deity/subject-matter): indrāvaruṇau ;
Chandas (meter): bhuriktriṣṭup ;
Svara (tone/note): Swar;
Padapatha [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:
अ॒स्माक॑म् । अत्र॑ । पि॒तरः॑ । ते । आ॒स॒न् । स॒प्त । ऋष॑यः । दौः॒ऽग॒हे । ब॒ध्यमा॑ने । ते । आ । अ॒य॒ज॒न्त॒ । त्र॒सद॑स्युम् । अ॒स्याः॒ । इन्द्र॑म् । न । वृ॒त्र॒ऽतुर॑म् । अ॒र्ध॒ऽदे॒वम् ॥
अस्माकम् । अत्र । पितरः । ते । आसन् । सप्त । ऋषयः । दौःगहे । बध्यमाने । ते । आ । अयजन्त । त्रसदस्युम् । अस्याः । इन्द्रम् । न । वृत्रतुरम् । अर्धदेवम् ॥
asmākam | atra | pitaraḥ | te | āsan | sapta | ṛṣayaḥ | dauḥ-gahe | badhyamāne | te | ā | ayajanta | trasadasyum | asyāḥ | indram | na | vṛtra-turam | ardha-devam
Multi-layer Annotation of the Ṛgveda
[Rigveda 4.42.8 English analysis of grammar]
[noun], genitive, plural
“I; mine.”
[adverb]
“now; there; then; then; there; here; here; in the following; alternatively; now.”
[noun], nominative, plural, masculine
“father; Pitṛ; ancestor; parent; paternal ancestor; pitṛ [word]; forefather.”
[noun], nominative, plural, masculine
“this; he,she,it (pers. pron.); respective(a); that; nominative; then; particular(a); genitive; instrumental; accusative; there; tad [word]; dative; once; same.”
[verb], plural, Imperfect
“be; exist; become; originate; happen; result; be; dwell; be born; stay; be; equal; exist; transform.”
[noun], nominative, plural, masculine
“seven; seventh.”
[noun], nominative, plural, masculine
“Ṛṣi; spiritual teacher; ascetic; Mantra.”
[noun], locative, singular, masculine
[verb noun], locative, singular
“bandh; tie; envelop; close; dress; wrap; bind; constipate; fixate; shape; paralyze; construct; bandage; compress; beset; oblige; strap; restrain; bind; gesticulate; wear; bar; bandh; connect; stud; mix; obstruct; write; restrain; bind; persecute; enclose; ligature; fill into; fasten.”
[noun], nominative, plural, masculine
“this; he,she,it (pers. pron.); respective(a); that; nominative; then; particular(a); genitive; instrumental; accusative; there; tad [word]; dative; once; same.”
[verb], plural, Imperfect
[noun], accusative, singular, masculine
“Trasadasyu.”
[noun], genitive, singular, feminine
“this; he,she,it (pers. pron.); here.”
[noun], accusative, singular, masculine
“Indra; leader; best; king; first; head; self; indra [word]; Indra; sapphire; fourteen; guru.”
[adverb]
“not; like; no; na [word].”
[noun], masculine
“Vṛtra; vṛtra [word].”
[noun], accusative, singular, masculine
“powerful; noble; noble.”
[noun]
“half(a); ardha [word].”
[noun], accusative, singular, masculine
“Deva; Hindu deity; king; deity; Indra; deva [word]; God; Jina; Viśvedevās; mercury; natural phenomenon; gambling.”