Rig Veda (translation and commentary)
by H. H. Wilson | 1866 | 1,999,864 words | ISBN-10: 8171101380 | ISBN-13: 9788171101382
The Rig-Veda, English translation, including the commentary of Sayana and grammatical analysis. The hyms of the Rigveda Samhita represents some of the oldest and complex of Hindu Sanskrit literature. In ten books, these mantras form the core essence of rituals and ceremonies once widely performed throughout ancient India. This edition contains the...
Disclaimer: These are translations of Sanskrit texts and are not necessarily approved by everyone associated with the traditions connected to these texts. Consult the source and original scripture in case of doubt.
Rig Veda 4.41.9
Sanskrit text [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:
इ॒मा इन्द्रं॒ वरु॑णं मे मनी॒षा अग्म॒न्नुप॒ द्रवि॑णमि॒च्छमा॑नाः । उपे॑मस्थुर्जो॒ष्टार॑ इव॒ वस्वो॑ र॒घ्वीरि॑व॒ श्रव॑सो॒ भिक्ष॑माणाः ॥
इमा इन्द्रं वरुणं मे मनीषा अग्मन्नुप द्रविणमिच्छमानाः । उपेमस्थुर्जोष्टार इव वस्वो रघ्वीरिव श्रवसो भिक्षमाणाः ॥
imā indraṃ varuṇam me manīṣā agmann upa draviṇam icchamānāḥ | upem asthur joṣṭāra iva vasvo raghvīr iva śravaso bhikṣamāṇāḥ ||
English translation:
“These my earnest praises approach Indra and Varuṇa, desirous to obtain wealth, as dependants attend (upon an opulent man) for the sake of riches, like humble (feminine les) begging for food.”
Commentary by Sāyaṇa: Ṛgveda-bhāṣya
As dependants attend upon an opulent man: joṣṭāra iva vasvo = sevakā dhanikam svāminam, as servants upon a rich master, or as derived from juṣ, to plural ase, joṣṭāraḥ = flatterers, parasites; like humble feminine les: raghvīr iva śravaso bhikṣāmāṇāḥ: raghvīr iva = laghvya iva, like light or trivial
Details:
Ṛṣi (sage/seer): vāmadevo gautamaḥ [vāmadeva gautama];Devatā (deity/subject-matter): indrāvaruṇau ;
Chandas (meter): triṣṭup ;
Svara (tone/note): Swar;
Padapatha [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:
इ॒माः । इन्द्र॑म् । वरु॑णम् । मे॒ । म॒नी॒षाः । अग्म॑न् । उप॑ । द्रवि॑णम् । इ॒च्छमा॑नाः । उप॑ । ई॒म् । अ॒स्थुः॒ । जो॒ष्टारः॑ऽइव । वस्वः॑ । र॒घ्वीःऽइ॑व । श्रव॑सः । भिक्ष॑माणाः ॥
इमाः । इन्द्रम् । वरुणम् । मे । मनीषाः । अग्मन् । उप । द्रविणम् । इच्छमानाः । उप । ईम् । अस्थुः । जोष्टारःइव । वस्वः । रघ्वीःइव । श्रवसः । भिक्षमाणाः ॥
imāḥ | indram | varuṇam | me | manīṣāḥ | agman | upa | draviṇam | icchamānāḥ | upa | īm | asthuḥ | joṣṭāraḥ-iva | vasvaḥ | raghvīḥ-iva | śravasaḥ | bhikṣamāṇāḥ
Multi-layer Annotation of the Ṛgveda
[Rigveda 4.41.9 English analysis of grammar]
[noun], nominative, plural, feminine
“this; he,she,it (pers. pron.); here.”
[noun], accusative, singular, masculine
“Indra; leader; best; king; first; head; self; indra [word]; Indra; sapphire; fourteen; guru.”
[noun], accusative, singular, masculine
“Varuna; varuṇa [word]; Crataeva religiosa Forst.; Varuṇa; varuṇādi.”
[noun], genitive, singular
“I; mine.”
[noun], nominative, plural, feminine
“hymn; inspiration; idea; thinking; wish; consideration; intelligence.”
[verb], plural, Root aorist (Ind.)
“go; situate; enter (a state); travel; disappear; [in]; elapse; leave; reach; vanish; love; walk; approach; issue; hop on; gasify; get; come; die; drain; spread; transform; happen; discharge; ride; to be located; run; detect; refer; go; shall; drive.”
[adverb]
“towards; on; next.”
[noun], accusative, singular, neuter
“wealth; property; money; jewel.”
[verb noun], nominative, plural
“desire; recommend; approve; seek; call; search; try; prefer; love; commend; assent; permit; choose.”
[adverb]
“towards; on; next.”
[adverb]
[verb], plural, Root aorist (Ind.)
“stay; stand; situate; exist; [in]; resist; endure; put; soak; be; stop; adhere; get stale; concentrate; grow; trust; wake; consociate; last; dwell; lie; stand; stop.”
[noun], nominative, plural, masculine
[adverb]
“like; as it were; somehow; just so.”
[noun], genitive, singular, neuter
“wealth; property; gold; vasu [word]; ruby; treasure; jewel.”
[noun], nominative, plural, feminine
“low; fast.”
[adverb]
“like; as it were; somehow; just so.”
[noun], genitive, singular, neuter
“fame; glory; ear.”
[verb noun], nominative, plural
“beg; beg.”