Rig Veda (translation and commentary)
by H. H. Wilson | 1866 | 1,999,864 words | ISBN-10: 8171101380 | ISBN-13: 9788171101382
The Rig-Veda, English translation, including the commentary of Sayana and grammatical analysis. The hyms of the Rigveda Samhita represents some of the oldest and complex of Hindu Sanskrit literature. In ten books, these mantras form the core essence of rituals and ceremonies once widely performed throughout ancient India. This edition contains the...
Disclaimer: These are translations of Sanskrit texts and are not necessarily approved by everyone associated with the traditions connected to these texts. Consult the source and original scripture in case of doubt.
Rig Veda 4.41.3
Sanskrit text [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:
इन्द्रा॑ ह॒ रत्नं॒ वरु॑णा॒ धेष्ठे॒त्था नृभ्य॑: शशमा॒नेभ्य॒स्ता । यदी॒ सखा॑या स॒ख्याय॒ सोमै॑: सु॒तेभि॑: सुप्र॒यसा॑ मा॒दयै॑ते ॥
इन्द्रा ह रत्नं वरुणा धेष्ठेत्था नृभ्यः शशमानेभ्यस्ता । यदी सखाया सख्याय सोमैः सुतेभिः सुप्रयसा मादयैते ॥
indrā ha ratnaṃ varuṇā dheṣṭhetthā nṛbhyaḥ śaśamānebhyas tā | yadī sakhāyā sakhyāya somaiḥ sutebhiḥ suprayasā mādayaite ||
English translation:
“Indra and Varuṇa (you are) most liberal givers of wealth to men praising you in various ways, when as friends well plural ed with (sacrificial) food, you are exhilarated by the Soma juice effused through friendship.”
Details:
Ṛṣi (sage/seer): vāmadevo gautamaḥ [vāmadeva gautama];Devatā (deity/subject-matter): indrāvaruṇau ;
Chandas (meter): virāṭtrisṭup ;
Svara (tone/note): Swar;
Padapatha [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:
इन्द्रा॑ । ह॒ । रत्न॑म् । वरु॑णा । धेष्ठा॑ । इ॒त्था । नृऽभ्यः॑ । श॒श॒मा॒नेभ्यः॑ । ता । यदि॑ । सखा॑या । स॒ख्याय॑ । सोमैः॑ । सु॒तेभिः॑ । सु॒ऽप्र॒यसा॑ । मा॒दयै॑ते॒ इति॑ ॥
इन्द्रा । ह । रत्नम् । वरुणा । धेष्ठा । इत्था । नृभ्यः । शशमानेभ्यः । ता । यदि । सखाया । सख्याय । सोमैः । सुतेभिः । सुप्रयसा । मादयैते इति ॥
indrā | ha | ratnam | varuṇā | dheṣṭhā | itthā | nṛ-bhyaḥ | śaśamānebhyaḥ | tā | yadi | sakhāyā | sakhyāya | somaiḥ | sutebhiḥ | su-prayasā | mādayaiteiti
Multi-layer Annotation of the Ṛgveda
[Rigveda 4.41.3 English analysis of grammar]
[noun], nominative, dual, masculine
“Indra; leader; best; king; first; head; self; indra [word]; Indra; sapphire; fourteen; guru.”
[adverb]
“indeed; ha [word].”
[noun], accusative, singular, neuter
“jewel; wealth; best; treasure; vajra; property; jewel; ruby; jewelry.”
[noun], nominative, dual, masculine
“Varuna; varuṇa [word]; Crataeva religiosa Forst.; Varuṇa; varuṇādi.”
[noun], nominative, dual, masculine
[adverb]
“thus; here.”
[noun], dative, plural, masculine
“man; man; nṛ [word]; crew; masculine.”
[verb noun], dative, plural
“calm; go out; end; die; pacify; heal; labor; make peace; rest.”
[noun], nominative, dual, masculine
“this; he,she,it (pers. pron.); respective(a); that; nominative; then; particular(a); genitive; instrumental; accusative; there; tad [word]; dative; once; same.”
[adverb]
“if; in case.”
[noun], nominative, dual, masculine
“friend; companion; sakhi [word].”
[noun], dative, singular, neuter
“friendship; aid; company.”
[noun], instrumental, plural, masculine
“Soma; moon; soma [word]; Candra.”
[verb noun], instrumental, plural
“press out; su.”
[adverb]
“very; well; good; nicely; beautiful; su; early; quite.”
[noun], nominative, dual, masculine
“food; dainty; enjoyment.”
[verb], dual, Present conjunctive (subjunctive)
“delight; enjoy; intoxicate.”