Rig Veda (translation and commentary)
by H. H. Wilson | 1866 | 1,999,864 words | ISBN-10: 8171101380 | ISBN-13: 9788171101382
The Rig-Veda, English translation, including the commentary of Sayana and grammatical analysis. The hyms of the Rigveda Samhita represents some of the oldest and complex of Hindu Sanskrit literature. In ten books, these mantras form the core essence of rituals and ceremonies once widely performed throughout ancient India. This edition contains the...
Disclaimer: These are translations of Sanskrit texts and are not necessarily approved by everyone associated with the traditions connected to these texts. Consult the source and original scripture in case of doubt.
Rig Veda 4.40.3
Sanskrit text [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:
उ॒त स्मा॑स्य॒ द्रव॑तस्तुरण्य॒तः प॒र्णं न वेरनु॑ वाति प्रग॒र्धिन॑: । श्ये॒नस्ये॑व॒ ध्रज॑तो अङ्क॒सं परि॑ दधि॒क्राव्ण॑: स॒होर्जा तरि॑त्रतः ॥
उत स्मास्य द्रवतस्तुरण्यतः पर्णं न वेरनु वाति प्रगर्धिनः । श्येनस्येव ध्रजतो अङ्कसं परि दधिक्राव्णः सहोर्जा तरित्रतः ॥
uta smāsya dravatas turaṇyataḥ parṇaṃ na ver anu vāti pragardhinaḥ | śyenasyeva dhrajato aṅkasam pari dadhikrāvṇaḥ sahorjā taritrataḥ ||
English translation:
“And after him who is quick-going, hastening, eager (to arrive at his goald, men) follow (as other birds pursue) the flight of a swift (bird) striving together to keep up by the side of Dadhikrāvan. the transporter (of others) as swift as a hawk.”
Commentary by Sāyaṇa: Ṛgveda-bhāṣya
Yajus. 9.15; after him who is: asya dravatas turaṇyataḥ parṇam nādādhāram uraḥ pradeśam vā of Dadhikrāvaṇ, together with strenght, or for the sake of strength together, enabling to cross; aṅkasam pari = a horse's trappings, the cloth, tail, vastracamarādikam, over all his body, which fly open as the horse gallops, like the wings of a bird, the horse has the speed of a hawk
Details:
Ṛṣi (sage/seer): vāmadevo gautamaḥ [vāmadeva gautama];Devatā (deity/subject-matter): dadhikrāvā ;
Chandas (meter): svarāṭtriṣṭup ;
Svara (tone/note): Swar;
Padapatha [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:
उ॒त । स्म॒ । अ॒स्य॒ । द्रव॑तः । तु॒र॒ण्य॒तः । प॒र्णम् । न । वेः । अनु॑ । वा॒ति॒ । प्र॒ऽग॒र्धिनः॑ । श्ये॒नस्य॑ऽइव । ध्रज॑तः । अ॒ङ्क॒सम् । परि॑ । द॒धि॒ऽक्राव्णः॑ । स॒ह । ऊ॒र्जा । तरि॑त्रतः ॥
उत । स्म । अस्य । द्रवतः । तुरण्यतः । पर्णम् । न । वेः । अनु । वाति । प्रगर्धिनः । श्येनस्यइव । ध्रजतः । अङ्कसम् । परि । दधिक्राव्णः । सह । ऊर्जा । तरित्रतः ॥
uta | sma | asya | dravataḥ | turaṇyataḥ | parṇam | na | veḥ | anu | vāti | pra-gardhinaḥ | śyenasya-iva | dhrajataḥ | aṅkasam | pari | dadhi-krāvṇaḥ | saha | ūrjā | taritrataḥ
Multi-layer Annotation of the Ṛgveda
[Rigveda 4.40.3 English analysis of grammar]
[adverb]
“and; besides; uta [indecl.]; similarly; alike; even.”
[adverb]
[noun], genitive, singular, masculine
“this; he,she,it (pers. pron.); here.”
[verb noun], genitive, singular
“liquefy; melt; melt; flee; run; run; vanish; run; rush; dissolve; dissolve.”
[verb noun], genitive, singular
“rush.”
[noun], accusative, singular, neuter
“leaf; feather; parṇa [word]; leaf; wing.”
[adverb]
“not; like; no; na [word].”
[noun], genitive, singular, masculine
“vi; bird; vi.”
[adverb]
“subsequently; behind; along; towards; because.”
[verb], singular, Present indikative
“blow; blow; emit.”
[noun], genitive, singular, masculine
[noun], genitive, singular, masculine
“hawk; bird of prey; falcon; Śyena; eagle; śyena [word]; Śyena.”
[adverb]
“like; as it were; somehow; just so.”
[verb noun], genitive, singular
“rush.”
[noun], accusative, singular, masculine
[adverb]
“from; about; around.”
[noun], genitive, singular, masculine
“Dadhikrā.”
[adverb]
“together; together; with; jointly; together; saha [word]; along.”
[noun], instrumental, singular, feminine
“strength; refreshment; vigor; food; strengthening.”
[verb noun], genitive, singular