Rig Veda (translation and commentary)
by H. H. Wilson | 1866 | 1,999,864 words | ISBN-10: 8171101380 | ISBN-13: 9788171101382
The Rig-Veda, English translation, including the commentary of Sayana and grammatical analysis. The hyms of the Rigveda Samhita represents some of the oldest and complex of Hindu Sanskrit literature. In ten books, these mantras form the core essence of rituals and ceremonies once widely performed throughout ancient India. This edition contains the...
Disclaimer: These are translations of Sanskrit texts and are not necessarily approved by everyone associated with the traditions connected to these texts. Consult the source and original scripture in case of doubt.
Rig Veda 4.38.6
Sanskrit text [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:
उ॒त स्मा॑सु प्रथ॒मः स॑रि॒ष्यन्नि वे॑वेति॒ श्रेणि॑भी॒ रथा॑नाम् । स्रजं॑ कृण्वा॒नो जन्यो॒ न शुभ्वा॑ रे॒णुं रेरि॑हत्कि॒रणं॑ दद॒श्वान् ॥
उत स्मासु प्रथमः सरिष्यन्नि वेवेति श्रेणिभी रथानाम् । स्रजं कृण्वानो जन्यो न शुभ्वा रेणुं रेरिहत्किरणं ददश्वान् ॥
uta smāsu prathamaḥ sariṣyan ni veveti śreṇibhī rathānām | srajaṃ kṛṇvāno janyo na śubhvā reṇuṃ rerihat kiraṇaṃ dadaśvān ||
English translation:
“And who, issuing forth the first in those encounters, rushes in various directions with rows of chariots; like an elegant (courser), friendly to man, decorated with a garland, raising the dust, and champing his bit.”
Details:
Ṛṣi (sage/seer): vāmadevo gautamaḥ [vāmadeva gautama];Devatā (deity/subject-matter): dadhrikāḥ ;
Chandas (meter): bhurikpaṅkti ;
Svara (tone/note): Swar;
Padapatha [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:
उ॒त । स्म॒ । आ॒सु । प्र॒थ॒मः । स॒रि॒ष्यन् । नि । वे॒वे॒ति॒ । श्रेणि॑ऽभिः । रथा॑नाम् । स्रज॑म् । कृ॒ण्वा॒नः । जन्यः॑ । न । शुभ्वा॑ । रे॒णुम् । रेरि॑हत् । कि॒रण॑म् । द॒द॒श्वान् ॥
उत । स्म । आसु । प्रथमः । सरिष्यन् । नि । वेवेति । श्रेणिभिः । रथानाम् । स्रजम् । कृण्वानः । जन्यः । न । शुभ्वा । रेणुम् । रेरिहत् । किरणम् । ददश्वान् ॥
uta | sma | āsu | prathamaḥ | sariṣyan | ni | veveti | śreṇi-bhiḥ | rathānām | srajam | kṛṇvānaḥ | janyaḥ | na | śubhvā | reṇum | rerihat | kiraṇam | dṛśvān
Multi-layer Annotation of the Ṛgveda
[Rigveda 4.38.6 English analysis of grammar]
[adverb]
“and; besides; uta [indecl.]; similarly; alike; even.”
[adverb]
[noun], locative, plural, feminine
“this; he,she,it (pers. pron.); here.”
[noun], nominative, singular, masculine
“first; prathama [word]; third; young; chief(a); best; antecedent.”
[verb noun], nominative, singular
“sṛ; liquefy; run; spread; stretch out.”
[adverb]
“back; down.”
[verb], singular, Present indikative
[noun], instrumental, plural, feminine
“club; line.”
[noun], genitive, plural, masculine
“chariot; warrior; ratha [word]; Dalbergia oojeinensis; rattan.”
[noun], accusative, singular, feminine
“wreath; sraj [word].”
[verb noun], nominative, singular
“make; perform; cause; produce; shape; construct; do; put; fill into; use; fuel; transform; bore; act; write; create; prepare; administer; dig; prepare; treat; take effect; add; trace; put on; process; treat; heed; hire; act; produce; assume; eat; ignite; chop; treat; obey; manufacture; appoint; evacuate; choose; understand; insert; happen; envelop; weigh; observe; practice; lend; bring; duplicate; plant; kṛ; concentrate; mix; knot; join; take; provide; utter; compose.”
[noun], nominative, singular, masculine
[adverb]
“not; like; no; na [word].”
[noun], nominative, singular, masculine
[noun], accusative, singular, masculine
“dust; pollen; powder.”
[verb noun], nominative, singular
“lick.”
[noun], accusative, singular, masculine
“beam; sunbeam; Kiraṇa; dust; sun; chapter.”
[verb noun], nominative, singular
“bite; sting.”