Rig Veda (translation and commentary)
by H. H. Wilson | 1866 | 1,999,864 words | ISBN-10: 8171101380 | ISBN-13: 9788171101382
The Rig-Veda, English translation, including the commentary of Sayana and grammatical analysis. The hyms of the Rigveda Samhita represents some of the oldest and complex of Hindu Sanskrit literature. In ten books, these mantras form the core essence of rituals and ceremonies once widely performed throughout ancient India. This edition contains the...
Disclaimer: These are translations of Sanskrit texts and are not necessarily approved by everyone associated with the traditions connected to these texts. Consult the source and original scripture in case of doubt.
Rig Veda 4.38.2
Sanskrit text [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:
उ॒त वा॒जिनं॑ पुरुनि॒ष्षिध्वा॑नं दधि॒क्रामु॑ ददथुर्वि॒श्वकृ॑ष्टिम् । ऋ॒जि॒प्यं श्ये॒नं प्रु॑षि॒तप्सु॑मा॒शुं च॒र्कृत्य॑म॒र्यो नृ॒पतिं॒ न शूर॑म् ॥
उत वाजिनं पुरुनिष्षिध्वानं दधिक्रामु ददथुर्विश्वकृष्टिम् । ऋजिप्यं श्येनं प्रुषितप्सुमाशुं चर्कृत्यमर्यो नृपतिं न शूरम् ॥
uta vājinam puruniṣṣidhvānaṃ dadhikrām u dadathur viśvakṛṣṭim | ṛjipyaṃ śyenam pruṣitapsum āśuṃ carkṛtyam aryo nṛpatiṃ na śūram ||
English translation:
“And you two have given the swift Dadhikrā, the repeller of many (foes), the defender of all men, the straight-going, the graceful-moving, the resplendent, the rapid, the destroyer of enemies like a heroic prince.”
Commentary by Sāyaṇa: Ṛgveda-bhāṣya
Dadhikrā: dadhikrāvan, synonym of aśva, a horse;
Derivation: from, dadhi, who bears, who carries his rider; krama, to go
Details:
Ṛṣi (sage/seer): vāmadevo gautamaḥ [vāmadeva gautama];Devatā (deity/subject-matter): dadhrikāḥ ;
Chandas (meter): triṣṭup ;
Svara (tone/note): Swar;
Padapatha [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:
उ॒त । वा॒जिन॑म् । पु॒रु॒निः॒ऽसिध्वा॑नम् । द॒धि॒ऽक्राम् । ऊँ॒ इति॑ । द॒द॒थुः॒ । वि॒श्वऽकृ॑ष्टिम् । ऋ॒जि॒प्यम् । श्ये॒नम् । प्रु॒षि॒तऽप्सु॑म् । आ॒शुम् । च॒र्कृत्य॑म् । अ॒र्यः । नृ॒ऽपति॑म् । न । शूर॑म् ॥
उत । वाजिनम् । पुरुनिःसिध्वानम् । दधिक्राम् । ऊँ इति । ददथुः । विश्वकृष्टिम् । ऋजिप्यम् । श्येनम् । प्रुषितप्सुम् । आशुम् । चर्कृत्यम् । अर्यः । नृपतिम् । न । शूरम् ॥
uta | vājinam | puruniḥ-sidhvānam | dadhi-krām | oṃ iti | dadathuḥ | viśva-kṛṣtim | ṛjipyam | śyenam | pruṣita-psum | āśum | carkṛtyam | aryaḥ | nṛ-patim | na | śūram
Multi-layer Annotation of the Ṛgveda
[Rigveda 4.38.2 English analysis of grammar]
[adverb]
“and; besides; uta [indecl.]; similarly; alike; even.”
[noun], accusative, singular, masculine
“horse; bird; seven; hero; achiever; aphrodisiac.”
[noun]
“many; much(a); very.”
[noun], accusative, singular, masculine
[noun], accusative, singular, masculine
“Dadhikrā.”
[adverb]
“ukāra; besides; now; indeed; u.”
[verb], dual, Perfect indicative
“give; add; perform; put; administer; fill into; give; ignite; put on; offer; use; fuel; pour; grant; feed; teach; construct; insert; drip; wrap; pay; hand over; lend; inflict; concentrate; sacrifice; splint; poultice; create.”
[noun], accusative, singular, masculine
[noun], accusative, singular, masculine
[noun], accusative, singular, masculine
“hawk; bird of prey; falcon; Śyena; eagle; śyena [word]; Śyena.”
[noun], accusative, singular, masculine
“motley.”
[noun], accusative, singular, masculine
“quick; fast; immediate; agile.”
[verb noun], accusative, singular
“praise; commemorate.”
[noun], genitive, singular, masculine
[noun], accusative, singular, masculine
“king.”
[adverb]
“not; like; no; na [word].”
[noun], accusative, singular, masculine
“brave; powerful.”