Rig Veda (translation and commentary)

by H. H. Wilson | 1866 | 1,999,864 words | ISBN-10: 8171101380 | ISBN-13: 9788171101382

The Rig-Veda, English translation, including the commentary of Sayana and grammatical analysis. The hyms of the Rigveda Samhita represents some of the oldest and complex of Hindu Sanskrit literature. In ten books, these mantras form the core essence of rituals and ceremonies once widely performed throughout ancient India. This edition contains the...

Disclaimer: These are translations of Sanskrit texts and are not necessarily approved by everyone associated with the traditions connected to these texts. Consult the source and original scripture in case of doubt.

Rig Veda 4.34.7

Sanskrit text [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:

स॒जोषा॑ इन्द्र॒ वरु॑णेन॒ सोमं॑ स॒जोषा॑: पाहि गिर्वणो म॒रुद्भि॑: । अ॒ग्रे॒पाभि॑ॠतु॒पाभि॑: स॒जोषा॒ ग्नास्पत्नी॑भी रत्न॒धाभि॑: स॒जोषा॑: ॥
सजोषा इन्द्र वरुणेन सोमं सजोषाः पाहि गिर्वणो मरुद्भिः । अग्रेपाभिॠतुपाभिः सजोषा ग्नास्पत्नीभी रत्नधाभिः सजोषाः ॥
sajoṣā indra varuṇena somaṃ sajoṣāḥ pāhi girvaṇo marudbhiḥ | agrepābhir ṛtupābhiḥ sajoṣā gnāspatnībhī ratnadhābhiḥ sajoṣāḥ ||

English translation:

“Sympathizing in satisfaction with Varuṇa, drink, Indra, the Soma juice; drink it, you who are entitled to praise, sympathizing with the Maruts; drink, sympathizing with the first drinkers, with the drinkers (at the sacriices) of the Ṛtus; sympathizing with the protectresses of the wives (of the gods), the giver of wealth.”

Commentary by Sāyaṇa: Ṛgveda-bhāṣya

Sympathizing: sajoṣaḥ; sajoṣa indra varuṇena somam pāhi = liṭ, Indra, who are co-plural ased with Varuṇa, drink the libation; the implication is that they both derive like satisfaction from the beverage which they imbibe together;

Ṛtus: ṛtupābhiḥ = ṛtuyajadevaiḥ, the deities to whom the ṛtu sacrifice is dedicated; wives of the gods: gnāspatnībhiḥ = wives of the gods, strīṇām pālayitryaḥ, the feminine le protectors of women, implying the goddesses

Details:

Ṛṣi (sage/seer): vāmadevo gautamaḥ [vāmadeva gautama];
Devatā (deity/subject-matter): ṛbhavaḥ ;
Chandas (meter): nicṛttriṣṭup ;
Svara (tone/note): Swar;

Padapatha [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:

स॒ऽजोषाः॑ । इ॒न्द्र॒ । वरु॑णेन । सोम॑म् । स॒ऽजोषाः॑ । पा॒हि॒ । गि॒र्व॒णः॒ । म॒रुत्ऽभिः॑ । अ॒ग्रे॒ऽपाभिः॑ । ऋ॒तु॒ऽपाभिः॑ । स॒ऽजोषाः॑ । ग्नाःपत्नी॑भिः । र॒त्न॒ऽधाभिः॑ । स॒ऽजोषाः॑ ॥
सजोषाः । इन्द्र । वरुणेन । सोमम् । सजोषाः । पाहि । गिर्वणः । मरुत्भिः । अग्रेपाभिः । ऋतुपाभिः । सजोषाः । ग्नाःपत्नीभिः । रत्नधाभिः । सजोषाः ॥
sa-joṣāḥ | indra | varuṇena | somam | sa-joṣāḥ | pāhi | girvaṇaḥ | marut-bhiḥ | agre--pābhiḥ | ṛtu-pābhiḥ | sa-joṣāḥ | gnāḥpatnībhiḥ | ratna-dhābhiḥ | sa-joṣāḥ

Multi-layer Annotation of the Ṛgveda

[Rigveda 4.34.7 English analysis of grammar]

sajoṣā < sajoṣāḥ < sajoṣas

[noun], nominative, singular, masculine

“consentaneous; combined; associated; united.”

indra

[noun], vocative, singular, masculine

“Indra; leader; best; king; first; head; self; indra [word]; Indra; sapphire; fourteen; guru.”

varuṇena < varuṇa

[noun], instrumental, singular, masculine

“Varuna; varuṇa [word]; Crataeva religiosa Forst.; Varuṇa; varuṇādi.”

somaṃ < somam < soma

[noun], accusative, singular, masculine

“Soma; moon; soma [word]; Candra.”

sajoṣāḥ < sajoṣas

[noun], nominative, singular, masculine

“consentaneous; combined; associated; united.”

pāhi <

[verb], singular, Aorist imperative

“drink; gulp; soak; drink; suck; inhale.”

girvaṇo < girvaṇaḥ < girvaṇas

[noun], vocative, singular, masculine

marudbhiḥ < marut

[noun], instrumental, plural, masculine

“Marut; vāta; wind; Vayu.”

agrepābhir < agre

[adverb]

“first; agre [word].”

agrepābhir < pābhiḥ <

[noun], instrumental, plural, feminine

“drinking.”

ṛtupābhiḥ < ṛtu

[noun], masculine

“season; turn; menstruation; ṛtu [word]; time period; order; six.”

ṛtupābhiḥ < pābhiḥ <

[noun], instrumental, plural, feminine

“drinking.”

sajoṣā < sajoṣāḥ < sajoṣas

[noun], nominative, singular, masculine

“consentaneous; combined; associated; united.”

gnāspatnībhī < gnāspatnībhiḥ < gnāspatnī

[noun], instrumental, plural, feminine

ratnadhābhiḥ < ratna

[noun], neuter

“jewel; wealth; best; treasure; vajra; property; jewel; ruby; jewelry.”

ratnadhābhiḥ < dhābhiḥ < dhā

[noun], instrumental, plural, feminine

“giving.”

sajoṣāḥ < sajoṣas

[noun], nominative, singular, masculine

“consentaneous; combined; associated; united.”

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