Rig Veda (translation and commentary)

by H. H. Wilson | 1866 | 1,999,864 words | ISBN-10: 8171101380 | ISBN-13: 9788171101382

The Rig-Veda, English translation, including the commentary of Sayana and grammatical analysis. The hyms of the Rigveda Samhita represents some of the oldest and complex of Hindu Sanskrit literature. In ten books, these mantras form the core essence of rituals and ceremonies once widely performed throughout ancient India. This edition contains the...

Disclaimer: These are translations of Sanskrit texts and are not necessarily approved by everyone associated with the traditions connected to these texts. Consult the source and original scripture in case of doubt.

Rig Veda 4.30.3

Sanskrit text [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:

विश्वे॑ च॒नेद॒ना त्वा॑ दे॒वास॑ इन्द्र युयुधुः । यदहा॒ नक्त॒माति॑रः ॥
विश्वे चनेदना त्वा देवास इन्द्र युयुधुः । यदहा नक्तमातिरः ॥
viśve caned anā tvā devāsa indra yuyudhuḥ | yad ahā naktam ātiraḥ ||

English translation:

“Verily all the gods, with you (for) their strength, have warred (with the asuras); wherefore you have destroyed by day and by night.”

Details:

Ṛṣi (sage/seer): vāmadevo gautamaḥ [vāmadeva gautama];
Devatā (deity/subject-matter): indra:;
Chandas (meter): nicṛdgāyatrī ;
Svara (tone/note): Swar;

Padapatha [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:

विश्वे॑ । च॒न । इत् । अ॒ना । त्वा॒ । दे॒वासः॑ । इ॒न्द्र॒ । यु॒यु॒धुः॒ । यत् । अहा॑ । नक्त॑म् । आ । अति॑रः ॥
विश्वे । चन । इत् । अना । त्वा । देवासः । इन्द्र । युयुधुः । यत् । अहा । नक्तम् । आ । अतिरः ॥
viśve | cana | it | anā | tvā | devāsaḥ | indra | yuyudhuḥ | yat | ahā | naktam | ā | at iraḥ

Multi-layer Annotation of the Ṛgveda

[Rigveda 4.30.3 English analysis of grammar]

viśve < viśva

[noun], nominative, plural, masculine

“all(a); whole; complete; each(a); viśva [word]; completely; wholly.”

caned < cana

[adverb]

“not even; cana [word].”

caned < id

[adverb]

“indeed; assuredly; entirely.”

anā

[adverb]

tvā < tvad

[noun], accusative, singular

“you.”

devāsa < devāsaḥ < deva

[noun], nominative, plural, masculine

“Deva; Hindu deity; king; deity; Indra; deva [word]; God; Jina; Viśvedevās; mercury; natural phenomenon; gambling.”

indra

[noun], vocative, singular, masculine

“Indra; leader; best; king; first; head; self; indra [word]; Indra; sapphire; fourteen; guru.”

yuyudhuḥ < yudh

[verb], plural, Perfect indicative

“fight; overcome.”

yad < yat

[adverb]

“once [when]; because; that; if; how.”

ahā < aha

[noun], accusative, plural, neuter

“day; aha [word]; day.”

naktam < nakta

[noun], accusative, singular, neuter

“night; night.”

ātiraḥ < ātṛ < √tṛ

[verb], singular, Imperfect

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