Rig Veda (translation and commentary)
by H. H. Wilson | 1866 | 1,999,864 words | ISBN-10: 8171101380 | ISBN-13: 9788171101382
The Rig-Veda, English translation, including the commentary of Sayana and grammatical analysis. The hyms of the Rigveda Samhita represents some of the oldest and complex of Hindu Sanskrit literature. In ten books, these mantras form the core essence of rituals and ceremonies once widely performed throughout ancient India. This edition contains the...
Disclaimer: These are translations of Sanskrit texts and are not necessarily approved by everyone associated with the traditions connected to these texts. Consult the source and original scripture in case of doubt.
Rig Veda 4.26.4
Sanskrit text [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:
प्र सु ष विभ्यो॑ मरुतो॒ विर॑स्तु॒ प्र श्ये॒नः श्ये॒नेभ्य॑ आशु॒पत्वा॑ । अ॒च॒क्रया॒ यत्स्व॒धया॑ सुप॒र्णो ह॒व्यं भर॒न्मन॑वे दे॒वजु॑ष्टम् ॥
प्र सु ष विभ्यो मरुतो विरस्तु प्र श्येनः श्येनेभ्य आशुपत्वा । अचक्रया यत्स्वधया सुपर्णो हव्यं भरन्मनवे देवजुष्टम् ॥
pra su ṣa vibhyo maruto vir astu pra śyenaḥ śyenebhya āśupatvā | acakrayā yat svadhayā suparṇo havyam bharan manave devajuṣṭam ||
English translation:
“May this bird, Maruts, be pre-eminent over (other) hawks, since with a wheelless car the swift-winged bore the Soma, accepted by the gods, to Manu.”
Commentary by Sāyaṇa: Ṛgveda-bhāṣya
With a wheelless car: acakrayā vadhayā = cakrarahitena rathena, with a car without wheels; the text has havyam, this is a metonymy for the Soma, which is said to have been brought from heaven by the gāyatrī, in the form of a hawk; by the hawk, we are to understand the supreme spirit, parabrahma
Details:
Ṛṣi (sage/seer): vāmadevo gautamaḥ [vāmadeva gautama];Devatā (deity/subject-matter): indra:;
Chandas (meter): nicṛttriṣṭup ;
Svara (tone/note): Swar;
Padapatha [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:
प्र । सु । सः । विऽभ्यः॑ । म॒रु॒तः॒ । विः । अ॒स्तु॒ । प्र । श्ये॒नः । श्ये॒नेभ्यः॑ । आ॒शु॒ऽपत्वा॑ । अ॒च॒क्रया॑ । यत् । स्व॒धया॑ । सु॒ऽप॒र्णः । ह॒व्यम् । भर॑त् । मन॑वे । दे॒वऽजु॑ष्टम् ॥
प्र । सु । सः । विभ्यः । मरुतः । विः । अस्तु । प्र । श्येनः । श्येनेभ्यः । आशुपत्वा । अचक्रया । यत् । स्वधया । सुपर्णः । हव्यम् । भरत् । मनवे । देवजुष्टम् ॥
pra | su | saḥ | vi-bhyaḥ | marutaḥ | viḥ | astu | pra | śyenaḥ | śyenebhyaḥ | āśu-patvā | acakrayā | yat | svadhayā | su-parṇaḥ | havyam | bharat | manave | deva-juṣṭam
Multi-layer Annotation of the Ṛgveda
[Rigveda 4.26.4 English analysis of grammar]
[adverb]
“towards; ahead.”
[adverb]
“very; well; good; nicely; beautiful; su; early; quite.”
[noun], nominative, singular, masculine
“this; he,she,it (pers. pron.); respective(a); that; nominative; then; particular(a); genitive; instrumental; accusative; there; tad [word]; dative; once; same.”
[noun], ablative, plural, masculine
“vi; bird; vi.”
[noun], vocative, plural, masculine
“Marut; vāta; wind; Vayu.”
[noun], nominative, singular, masculine
“vi; bird; vi.”
[verb], singular, Present imperative
“be; exist; become; originate; happen; result; be; dwell; be born; stay; be; equal; exist; transform.”
[adverb]
“towards; ahead.”
[noun], nominative, singular, masculine
“hawk; bird of prey; falcon; Śyena; eagle; śyena [word]; Śyena.”
[noun], ablative, plural, masculine
“hawk; bird of prey; falcon; Śyena; eagle; śyena [word]; Śyena.”
[noun]
“quick; fast; immediate; agile.”
[noun], nominative, singular, masculine
“flight.”
[adverb]
“not; akāra; a [taddhita]; a [word]; a; a.”
[noun], instrumental, singular, feminine
“wheel; Cakra; discus; army; cakra; oil mill; cakrikā; cakra; group.”
[adverb]
“once [when]; because; that; if; how.”
[noun], instrumental, singular, feminine
“free will; offering; libation; nature; svadhā [word]; comfort; power.”
[noun], nominative, singular, masculine
“Garuda; Suparṇa; bird of prey; Suparṇa; suparṇa; Suparṇa; eagle.”
[noun], accusative, singular, neuter
“Havya; offering; havya [word].”
[verb], singular, Present injunctive
“bring; hold; fill; support; wear; possess; carry; nourish; keep; hire; have; satiate; follow; bear.”
[noun], dative, singular, masculine
“Manu; mantra; Manusmṛti; fourteen; man; manu [word]; Vaivasvata; incantation; sacred text.”
[noun], masculine
“Deva; Hindu deity; king; deity; Indra; deva [word]; God; Jina; Viśvedevās; mercury; natural phenomenon; gambling.”
[verb noun], accusative, singular
“enjoy; endow; possess; frequent; accompany; induce; consume; approve; affect; attend; befit; blend; contract.”