Rig Veda (translation and commentary)
by H. H. Wilson | 1866 | 1,999,864 words | ISBN-10: 8171101380 | ISBN-13: 9788171101382
The Rig-Veda, English translation, including the commentary of Sayana and grammatical analysis. The hyms of the Rigveda Samhita represents some of the oldest and complex of Hindu Sanskrit literature. In ten books, these mantras form the core essence of rituals and ceremonies once widely performed throughout ancient India. This edition contains the...
Disclaimer: These are translations of Sanskrit texts and are not necessarily approved by everyone associated with the traditions connected to these texts. Consult the source and original scripture in case of doubt.
Rig Veda 4.24.8
Sanskrit text [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:
य॒दा स॑म॒र्यं व्यचे॒दृघा॑वा दी॒र्घं यदा॒जिम॒भ्यख्य॑द॒र्यः । अचि॑क्रद॒द्वृष॑णं॒ पत्न्यच्छा॑ दुरो॒ण आ निशि॑तं सोम॒सुद्भि॑: ॥
यदा समर्यं व्यचेदृघावा दीर्घं यदाजिमभ्यख्यदर्यः । अचिक्रदद्वृषणं पत्न्यच्छा दुरोण आ निशितं सोमसुद्भिः ॥
yadā samaryaṃ vy aced ṛghāvā dīrghaṃ yad ājim abhy akhyad aryaḥ | acikradad vṛṣaṇam patny acchā duroṇa ā niśitaṃ somasudbhiḥ ||
English translation:
“When the destroyer (of enemies) distinguishes a mortal foe; when the lord is engaged in the long (continued) battle, (his) bride summons to the dwelling the showerer (of benefits), encompassed by the offerers of the libation.”
Commentary by Sāyaṇa: Ṛgveda-bhāṣya
When the lord is engaged in the long battle: dīrgham yad ājim abhyakhyad arya: arya = svāmi, lord, i.e., Indra; patnī in the next verse is Indra's wife
Details:
Ṛṣi (sage/seer): vāmadevo gautamaḥ [vāmadeva gautama];Devatā (deity/subject-matter): indra:;
Chandas (meter): bhurikpaṅkti ;
Svara (tone/note): Swar;
Padapatha [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:
य॒दा । स॒ऽम॒र्यम् । वि । अचे॑त् । ऋघा॑वा । दी॒र्घम् । यत् । आ॒जिम् । अ॒भि । अख्य॑त् । अ॒र्यः । अचि॑क्रदत् । वृष॑णम् । पत्नी॑ । अच्छ॑ । दु॒रो॒णे । आ । निऽशि॑तम् । सो॒म॒सुत्ऽभिः॑ ॥
यदा । समर्यम् । वि । अचेत् । ऋघावा । दीर्घम् । यत् । आजिम् । अभि । अख्यत् । अर्यः । अचिक्रदत् । वृषणम् । पत्नी । अच्छ । दुरोणे । आ । निशितम् । सोमसुत्भिः ॥
yadā | sa-maryam | vi | acet | ṛghāvā | dīrgham | yat | ājim | abhi | akhyat | aryaḥ | acikradat | vṛṣaṇam | patnī | accha | duroṇe | ā | ni-śitam | somasut-bhiḥ
Multi-layer Annotation of the Ṛgveda
[Rigveda 4.24.8 English analysis of grammar]
[adverb]
“once [when]; if.”
[noun], accusative, singular, neuter
[adverb]
“apart; away; away.”
[verb], singular, Root aorist (Ind.)
“notice; observe; attend to; intend.”
[noun], nominative, singular, masculine
[noun], accusative, singular, masculine
“long; long; long; large; far; deep; dīrgha [word].”
[adverb]
“once [when]; because; that; if; how.”
[noun], accusative, singular, masculine
“battle; fight; contest; āji [word]; combat.”
[adverb]
“towards; on.”
[verb], singular, Thematic aorist (Ind.)
“name; describe; call; enumerate; watch; know.”
[noun], genitive, singular, masculine
[verb], singular, Redupl. Aorist (Ind.)
“roar; neigh; cry; howl; shout.”
[noun], accusative, singular, masculine
“bull; Indra; stallion; Vṛṣan; man.”
[noun], nominative, singular, feminine
“wife; mistress; queen.”
[adverb]
“towards; accha [prefix].”
[noun], locative, singular, neuter
“home; dwelling.”
[adverb]
“towards; ākāra; until; ā; since; according to; ā [suffix].”
[verb noun], accusative, singular
“sharpen.”
[noun], masculine
“Soma; moon; soma [word]; Candra.”
[noun], instrumental, plural, masculine