Rig Veda (translation and commentary)

by H. H. Wilson | 1866 | 1,999,864 words | ISBN-10: 8171101380 | ISBN-13: 9788171101382

The Rig-Veda, English translation, including the commentary of Sayana and grammatical analysis. The hyms of the Rigveda Samhita represents some of the oldest and complex of Hindu Sanskrit literature. In ten books, these mantras form the core essence of rituals and ceremonies once widely performed throughout ancient India. This edition contains the...

Disclaimer: These are translations of Sanskrit texts and are not necessarily approved by everyone associated with the traditions connected to these texts. Consult the source and original scripture in case of doubt.

Rig Veda 4.22.5

Sanskrit text [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:

ता तू त॑ इन्द्र मह॒तो म॒हानि॒ विश्वे॒ष्वित्सव॑नेषु प्र॒वाच्या॑ । यच्छू॑र धृष्णो धृष॒ता द॑धृ॒ष्वानहिं॒ वज्रे॑ण॒ शव॒सावि॑वेषीः ॥
ता तू त इन्द्र महतो महानि विश्वेष्वित्सवनेषु प्रवाच्या । यच्छूर धृष्णो धृषता दधृष्वानहिं वज्रेण शवसाविवेषीः ॥
tā tū ta indra mahato mahāni viśveṣv it savaneṣu pravācyā | yac chūra dhṛṣṇo dhṛṣatā dadhṛṣvān ahiṃ vajreṇa śavasāviveṣīḥ ||

English translation:

“Of you, Indra, who are mighty, great are deeds, and to be proclaimed at all sacrifices, inasmuch as, high-minded hero, you, sustaining (the world), have by your strength slain Ahi with the resistless thunderbolt.”

Details:

Ṛṣi (sage/seer): vāmadevo gautamaḥ [vāmadeva gautama];
Devatā (deity/subject-matter): indra:;
Chandas (meter): nicṛttriṣṭup ;
Svara (tone/note): Swar;

Padapatha [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:

ता । तु । ते॒ । इ॒न्द्र॒ । म॒ह॒तः । म॒हानि॑ । विश्वे॑षु । इत् । सव॑नेषु । प्र॒ऽवाच्या॑ । यत् । शू॒र॒ । धृ॒ष्णो॒ इति॑ । धृ॒ष॒ता । द॒धृ॒ष्वान् । अहि॑म् । वज्रे॑ण । शव॑सा । अवि॑वेषीः ॥
ता । तु । ते । इन्द्र । महतः । महानि । विश्वेषु । इत् । सवनेषु । प्रवाच्या । यत् । शूर । धृष्णो इति । धृषता । दधृष्वान् । अहिम् । वज्रेण । शवसा । अविवेषीः ॥
tā | tu | te | indra | mahataḥ | mahāni | viśveṣu | it | savaneṣu | pra-vācyā | yat | śūra | dhṛṣṇo iti | dhṛṣatā | dadhṛṣvān | ahim | vajreṇa | śavasā | aviveṣīḥ

Multi-layer Annotation of the Ṛgveda

[Rigveda 4.22.5 English analysis of grammar]

< tad

[noun], nominative, plural, neuter

“this; he,she,it (pers. pron.); respective(a); that; nominative; then; particular(a); genitive; instrumental; accusative; there; tad [word]; dative; once; same.”

< tu

[adverb]

“now; then; but; and; now; however; then; then; surely.”

ta < te < tvad

[noun], genitive, singular

“you.”

indra

[noun], vocative, singular, masculine

“Indra; leader; best; king; first; head; self; indra [word]; Indra; sapphire; fourteen; guru.”

mahato < mahataḥ < mahat

[noun], genitive, singular, masculine

“large; eminent; great; loud; dangerous; strong; long; high; much(a); mahant [word]; ample; very; great; adult; important; dark; high; abundant; violent; remarkable; mighty; big; long.”

mahāni < maha

[noun], nominative, plural, neuter

“great; abundant.”

viśveṣv < viśveṣu < viśva

[noun], locative, plural, neuter

“all(a); whole; complete; each(a); viśva [word]; completely; wholly.”

it < id

[adverb]

“indeed; assuredly; entirely.”

savaneṣu < savana

[noun], locative, plural, neuter

“yajña; savana [word]; Snāna; Soma sacrifice; press.”

pravācyā < pravac < √vac

[verb noun], nominative, plural

“describe; name; enumerate; call; explain; teach; state; tell; impart; convey; address; proclaim.”

yacchūra < yat

[adverb]

“once [when]; because; that; if; how.”

yacchūra < śūra

[noun], vocative, singular, masculine

“hero; cock; śūra; Śūra; Vatica robusta; Plumbago zeylanica; warrior; hero; attacker; lentil; wild boar; lion; dog.”

dhṛṣṇo < dhṛṣṇu

[noun], vocative, singular, masculine

“brave; ferocious; strong.”

dhṛṣatā < dhṛṣ

[verb noun], instrumental, singular

“dare; attack.”

dadhṛṣvān < dhṛṣ

[verb noun], nominative, singular

“dare; attack.”

ahiṃ < ahim < ahi

[noun], accusative, singular, masculine

“snake; lead; nāga; Nāga; ahi [word]; Vṛtra.”

vajreṇa < vajra

[noun], instrumental, singular, masculine

“vajra; Vajra; vajra; vajra; lightning; abhra; vajramūṣā; diamond; vajra [word]; vajrakapāṭa; vajra; vaikrānta.”

śavasāviveṣīḥ < śavasā < śavas

[noun], instrumental, singular, neuter

“strength; power; superiority.”

śavasāviveṣīḥ < aviveṣīḥ < viṣ

[verb], singular, Plusquamperfect

“labor; act; perform.”

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