Rig Veda (translation and commentary)
by H. H. Wilson | 1866 | 1,999,864 words | ISBN-10: 8171101380 | ISBN-13: 9788171101382
The Rig-Veda, English translation, including the commentary of Sayana and grammatical analysis. The hyms of the Rigveda Samhita represents some of the oldest and complex of Hindu Sanskrit literature. In ten books, these mantras form the core essence of rituals and ceremonies once widely performed throughout ancient India. This edition contains the...
Disclaimer: These are translations of Sanskrit texts and are not necessarily approved by everyone associated with the traditions connected to these texts. Consult the source and original scripture in case of doubt.
Rig Veda 4.22.1
Sanskrit text [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:
यन्न॒ इन्द्रो॑ जुजु॒षे यच्च॒ वष्टि॒ तन्नो॑ म॒हान्क॑रति शु॒ष्म्या चि॑त् । ब्रह्म॒ स्तोमं॑ म॒घवा॒ सोम॑मु॒क्था यो अश्मा॑नं॒ शव॑सा॒ बिभ्र॒देति॑ ॥
यन्न इन्द्रो जुजुषे यच्च वष्टि तन्नो महान्करति शुष्म्या चित् । ब्रह्म स्तोमं मघवा सोममुक्था यो अश्मानं शवसा बिभ्रदेति ॥
yan na indro jujuṣe yac ca vaṣṭi tan no mahān karati śuṣmy ā cit | brahma stomam maghavā somam ukthā yo aśmānaṃ śavasā bibhrad eti ||
English translation:
“Since the great and mighty Indra is propitiated by our (oblations), since he desires (them) from us, may he, the possessor of opulence, who comes wielding the thunderbolt of his strength, accept the (sacrificial) food, the hymn, the Soma libation, and the prayers.”
Commentary by Sāyaṇa: Ṛgveda-bhāṣya
Food, hymn, soma and prayhers: an allusion to the fourfold forms of offering worship, Brahmā, Stoma, Soma and Uktha: the first is the cakes steeped in butter-- offerings or obaltions; the second, the praise that is recited aloud; the third, the libation of the Soma; and the fourth, the praise or prayer that is repeated silently or in a lower tone not chanted or sung].
Details:
Ṛṣi (sage/seer): vāmadevo gautamaḥ [vāmadeva gautama];Devatā (deity/subject-matter): indra:;
Chandas (meter): nicṛttriṣṭup ;
Svara (tone/note): Swar;
Padapatha [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:
यत् । नः॒ । इन्द्रः॑ । जु॒जु॒षे । यत् । च॒ । व॒ष्टि॒ । तत् । नः॒ । म॒हान् । क॒र॒ति॒ । शु॒ष्मी । आ । चि॒त् । ब्रह्म॑ । स्तोम॑म् । म॒घऽवा॑ । सोम॑म् । उ॒क्था । यः । अश्मा॑नम् । शव॑सा । बिभ्र॑त् । एति॑ ॥
यत् । नः । इन्द्रः । जुजुषे । यत् । च । वष्टि । तत् । नः । महान् । करति । शुष्मी । आ । चित् । ब्रह्म । स्तोमम् । मघवा । सोमम् । उक्था । यः । अश्मानम् । शवसा । बिभ्रत् । एति ॥
yat | naḥ | indraḥ | jujuṣe | yat | ca | vaṣṭi | tat | naḥ | mahān | karati | śuṣmī | ā | cit | brahma | stomam | magha-vā | somam | ukthā | yaḥ | aśmānam | śavasā | bibhrat | eti
Multi-layer Annotation of the Ṛgveda
[Rigveda 4.22.1 English analysis of grammar]
[noun], accusative, singular, neuter
“who; which; yat [pronoun].”
[noun], genitive, plural
“I; mine.”
[noun], nominative, singular, masculine
“Indra; leader; best; king; first; head; self; indra [word]; Indra; sapphire; fourteen; guru.”
[verb], singular, Perfect indicative
“enjoy; endow; possess; frequent; accompany; induce; consume; approve; affect; attend; befit; blend; contract.”
[noun], accusative, singular, neuter
“who; which; yat [pronoun].”
[adverb]
“and; besides; then; now; even.”
[verb], singular, Present indikative
“desire; agree; call; care; like; love.”
[noun], accusative, singular, neuter
“this; he,she,it (pers. pron.); respective(a); that; nominative; then; particular(a); genitive; instrumental; accusative; there; tad [word]; dative; once; same.”
[noun], genitive, plural
“I; mine.”
[noun], nominative, singular, masculine
“large; eminent; great; loud; dangerous; strong; long; high; much(a); mahant [word]; ample; very; great; adult; important; dark; high; abundant; violent; remarkable; mighty; big; long.”
[verb], singular, Aorist conj./subj.
“make; perform; cause; produce; shape; construct; do; put; fill into; use; fuel; transform; bore; act; write; create; prepare; administer; dig; prepare; treat; take effect; add; trace; put on; process; treat; heed; hire; act; produce; assume; eat; ignite; chop; treat; obey; manufacture; appoint; evacuate; choose; understand; insert; happen; envelop; weigh; observe; practice; lend; bring; duplicate; plant; kṛ; concentrate; mix; knot; join; take; provide; utter; compose.”
[noun], nominative, singular, masculine
“strong; hotheaded.”
[adverb]
“towards; ākāra; until; ā; since; according to; ā [suffix].”
[adverb]
“even; indeed.”
[noun], accusative, singular, neuter
“brahman; mantra; prayer; spell; Veda; Brahmin; sacred text; final emancipation; hymn; brahman [word]; Brāhmaṇa; study.”
[noun], accusative, singular, masculine
“hymn; Stoma; stoma [word].”
[noun], nominative, singular, masculine
“big.”
[noun], accusative, singular, masculine
“Soma; moon; soma [word]; Candra.”
[noun], accusative, plural, neuter
“hymn; praise; uktha [word]; encomium.”
[noun], nominative, singular, masculine
“who; which; yat [pronoun].”
[noun], accusative, singular, masculine
“stone; aśmarī; rock; aśman [word]; adri; mineral; piṇḍatālaka; mountain.”
[noun], instrumental, singular, neuter
“strength; power; superiority.”
[verb noun], nominative, singular
“bring; hold; fill; support; wear; possess; carry; nourish; keep; hire; have; satiate; follow; bear.”
[verb], singular, Present indikative
“go; travel; enter (a state); return; walk; continue; reach; ask.”