Rig Veda (translation and commentary)

by H. H. Wilson | 1866 | 1,999,864 words | ISBN-10: 8171101380 | ISBN-13: 9788171101382

The Rig-Veda, English translation, including the commentary of Sayana and grammatical analysis. The hyms of the Rigveda Samhita represents some of the oldest and complex of Hindu Sanskrit literature. In ten books, these mantras form the core essence of rituals and ceremonies once widely performed throughout ancient India. This edition contains the...

Disclaimer: These are translations of Sanskrit texts and are not necessarily approved by everyone associated with the traditions connected to these texts. Consult the source and original scripture in case of doubt.

Rig Veda 4.20.6

Sanskrit text [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:

गि॒रिर्न यः स्वत॑वाँ ऋ॒ष्व इन्द्र॑: स॒नादे॒व सह॑से जा॒त उ॒ग्रः । आद॑र्ता॒ वज्रं॒ स्थवि॑रं॒ न भी॒म उ॒द्नेव॒ कोशं॒ वसु॑ना॒ न्यृ॑ष्टम् ॥
गिरिर्न यः स्वतवाँ ऋष्व इन्द्रः सनादेव सहसे जात उग्रः । आदर्ता वज्रं स्थविरं न भीम उद्नेव कोशं वसुना न्यृष्टम् ॥
girir na yaḥ svatavām̐ ṛṣva indraḥ sanād eva sahase jāta ugraḥ | ādartā vajraṃ sthaviraṃ na bhīma udneva kośaṃ vasunā nyṛṣṭam ||

English translation:

“He who is vast and self-sustained like a mountain, the radiant and formidable Indra, born of old for the destruction (of the foes of the gods), the wielder of the ancient thunderbolt, charged with splendour, like a jar (filled) with water.”

Details:

Ṛṣi (sage/seer): vāmadevo gautamaḥ [vāmadeva gautama];
Devatā (deity/subject-matter): indra:;
Chandas (meter): nicṛttriṣṭup ;
Svara (tone/note): Swar;

Padapatha [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:

गि॒रिः । न । यः । स्वऽत॑वान् । ऋ॒ष्वः । इन्द्रः॑ । स॒नात् । ए॒व । सह॑से । जा॒तः । उ॒ग्रः । आऽद॑र्ता । वज्र॑म् । स्थवि॑रम् । न । भी॒मः । उ॒द्नाऽइ॑व । कोश॑म् । वसु॑ना । निऽऋ॑ष्टम् ॥
गिरिः । न । यः । स्वतवान् । ऋष्वः । इन्द्रः । सनात् । एव । सहसे । जातः । उग्रः । आदर्ता । वज्रम् । स्थविरम् । न । भीमः । उद्नाइव । कोशम् । वसुना । निऋष्टम् ॥
giriḥ | na | yaḥ | sva-tavān | ṛṣvaḥ | indraḥ | sanāt | eva | sahase | jātaḥ | ugraḥ | ādartā | vajram | sthaviram | na | bhīmaḥ | udnāiva | kośam | vasunā | ni-ṛṣṭam

Multi-layer Annotation of the Ṛgveda

[Rigveda 4.20.6 English analysis of grammar]

girir < giriḥ < giri

[noun], nominative, singular, masculine

“mountain; adri; rock; giri [word]; hill; śilājatu.”

na

[adverb]

“not; like; no; na [word].”

yaḥ < yad

[noun], nominative, singular, masculine

“who; which; yat [pronoun].”

svatavāṃ < svatavān < svatavas

[noun], nominative, singular, masculine

“svatavas [word]; powerful.”

ṛṣva < ṛṣvaḥ < ṛṣva

[noun], nominative, singular, masculine

“distinguished; high; noble; enormous.”

indraḥ < indra

[noun], nominative, singular, masculine

“Indra; leader; best; king; first; head; self; indra [word]; Indra; sapphire; fourteen; guru.”

sanād < sanāt

[adverb]

eva

[adverb]

“indeed; merely; thus; even; surely; same; eva [word]; successively; immediately; in truth.”

sahase < sahas

[noun], dative, singular, neuter

“force; strength; might; sahas [word]; conquest.”

jāta < jātaḥ < jan

[verb noun], nominative, singular

“become; originate; be born; transform; happen; result; grow; beget; produce; create; conceive; separate; cause; give birth; grow; produce; generate; be; become; arise; come on.”

ugraḥ < ugra

[noun], nominative, singular, masculine

“powerful; awful; dangerous; intense; mighty; potent; colicky; atrocious.”

ādartā < ādṛ < √dṛ

[verb], singular, periphrast. future

vajraṃ < vajram < vajra

[noun], accusative, singular, masculine

“vajra; Vajra; vajra; vajra; lightning; abhra; vajramūṣā; diamond; vajra [word]; vajrakapāṭa; vajra; vaikrānta.”

sthaviraṃ < sthaviram < sthavira

[noun], accusative, singular, masculine

“old; strong; hardy; firm; firm.”

na

[adverb]

“not; like; no; na [word].”

bhīma < bhīmaḥ < bhīma

[noun], nominative, singular, masculine

“awful; amazing; terrific; enormous; bhīma [word]; fearful.”

udneva < udnā < udan

[noun], instrumental, singular, neuter

“water; body of water.”

udneva < iva

[adverb]

“like; as it were; somehow; just so.”

kośaṃ < kośam < kośa

[noun], accusative, singular, masculine

“treasury; sheath; Kośa; scrotum; bud; vessel; kośa [word]; treasure; calyx; container; bucket; box.”

vasunā < vasu

[noun], instrumental, singular, neuter

“wealth; property; gold; vasu [word]; ruby; treasure; jewel.”

nyṛṣṭam < nyṛṣ < √ṛṣ

[verb noun], accusative, singular

“fill; stuff.”

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