Rig Veda (translation and commentary)

by H. H. Wilson | 1866 | 1,999,864 words | ISBN-10: 8171101380 | ISBN-13: 9788171101382

The Rig-Veda, English translation, including the commentary of Sayana and grammatical analysis. The hyms of the Rigveda Samhita represents some of the oldest and complex of Hindu Sanskrit literature. In ten books, these mantras form the core essence of rituals and ceremonies once widely performed throughout ancient India. This edition contains the...

Disclaimer: These are translations of Sanskrit texts and are not necessarily approved by everyone associated with the traditions connected to these texts. Consult the source and original scripture in case of doubt.

Rig Veda 4.19.8

Sanskrit text [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:

पू॒र्वीरु॒षस॑: श॒रद॑श्च गू॒र्ता वृ॒त्रं ज॑घ॒न्वाँ अ॑सृज॒द्वि सिन्धू॑न् । परि॑ष्ठिता अतृणद्बद्बधा॒नाः सी॒रा इन्द्र॒: स्रवि॑तवे पृथि॒व्या ॥
पूर्वीरुषसः शरदश्च गूर्ता वृत्रं जघन्वाँ असृजद्वि सिन्धून् । परिष्ठिता अतृणद्बद्बधानाः सीरा इन्द्रः स्रवितवे पृथिव्या ॥
pūrvīr uṣasaḥ śaradaś ca gūrtā vṛtraṃ jaghanvām̐ asṛjad vi sindhūn | pariṣṭhitā atṛṇad badbadhānāḥ sīrā indraḥ sravitave pṛthivyā ||

English translation:

“Having slain Vṛtra, he has liberated many mornings and years (that had been) swallowed up by darkness, and has set the rivers free; Indra has released the imprisoned rivers, encompassed (by the cloud), to flow upon the earth.”

Details:

Ṛṣi (sage/seer): vāmadevo gautamaḥ [vāmadeva gautama];
Devatā (deity/subject-matter): indra:;
Chandas (meter): triṣṭup ;
Svara (tone/note): Swar;

Padapatha [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:

पू॒र्वीः । उ॒षसः॑ । श॒रदः॑ । च॒ । गू॒र्ताः । वृ॒त्रम् । ज॒घ॒न्वान् । अ॒सृ॒ज॒त् । वि । सिन्धू॑न् । परि॑ऽस्थिताः । अ॒तृ॒ण॒त् । ब॒द्ब॒धा॒नाः । सी॒राः । इन्द्रः॑ । स्रवि॑तवे । पृ॒थि॒व्या ॥
पूर्वीः । उषसः । शरदः । च । गूर्ताः । वृत्रम् । जघन्वान् । असृजत् । वि । सिन्धून् । परिस्थिताः । अतृणत् । बद्बधानाः । सीराः । इन्द्रः । स्रवितवे । पृथिव्या ॥
pūrvīḥ | uṣasaḥ | śaradaḥ | ca | gūrtāḥ | vṛtram | jaghanvān | asṛjat | vi | sindhūn | pari-sthitāḥ | atṛṇat | badbadhānāḥ | sīrāḥ | indraḥ | sravitave | pṛthivyā

Multi-layer Annotation of the Ṛgveda

[Rigveda 4.19.8 English analysis of grammar]

pūrvīr < pūrvīḥ < puru

[noun], accusative, plural, feminine

“many; much(a); very.”

uṣasaḥ < uṣas

[noun], accusative, plural, feminine

“Ushas; dawn; uṣas [word]; morning.”

śaradaś < śaradaḥ < śarad

[noun], accusative, plural, feminine

“fall; year; śarad [word].”

ca

[adverb]

“and; besides; then; now; even.”

gūrtā < gūrtāḥ < gur

[verb noun], accusative, plural

vṛtraṃ < vṛtram < vṛtra

[noun], accusative, singular, masculine

“Vṛtra; vṛtra [word].”

jaghanvāṃ < han

[verb noun], nominative, singular

“kill; cure; māray; remove; destroy; hit; injure; damage; destroy; paralyze; hurt; forge; beat; cut off; stop; overwhelm; kick; hunt; affect; strike; hammer; love; obstruct; shoot.”

asṛjad < asṛjat < sṛj

[verb], singular, Imperfect

“create; shoot; discharge; free; cause; throw; emit; send; produce; use; be born; make.”

vi

[adverb]

“apart; away; away.”

sindhūn < sindhu

[noun], accusative, plural, masculine

“river; Indus; sindhu [word].”

pariṣṭhitā < pariṣṭhitāḥ < pariṣṭhā < √sthā

[verb noun], accusative, plural

atṛṇad < atṛṇat < tṛd

[verb], singular, Imperfect

badbadhānāḥ < badbadh < √bādh

[verb noun], accusative, plural

sīrā < sīrāḥ < sīrā

[noun], accusative, plural, feminine

“stream.”

indraḥ < indra

[noun], nominative, singular, masculine

“Indra; leader; best; king; first; head; self; indra [word]; Indra; sapphire; fourteen; guru.”

sravitave < sru

[verb noun]

“discharge; issue; run; filter; discharge; liquefy; ejaculate; fail; disappear; leak; fester.”

pṛthivyā < pṛthivī

[noun], instrumental, singular, feminine

“Earth; pṛthivī; floor; Earth; earth; pṛthivī [word]; land.”

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