Rig Veda (translation and commentary)
by H. H. Wilson | 1866 | 1,999,864 words | ISBN-10: 8171101380 | ISBN-13: 9788171101382
The Rig-Veda, English translation, including the commentary of Sayana and grammatical analysis. The hyms of the Rigveda Samhita represents some of the oldest and complex of Hindu Sanskrit literature. In ten books, these mantras form the core essence of rituals and ceremonies once widely performed throughout ancient India. This edition contains the...
Disclaimer: These are translations of Sanskrit texts and are not necessarily approved by everyone associated with the traditions connected to these texts. Consult the source and original scripture in case of doubt.
Rig Veda 4.18.10
Sanskrit text [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:
गृ॒ष्टिः स॑सूव॒ स्थवि॑रं तवा॒गाम॑नाधृ॒ष्यं वृ॑ष॒भं तुम्र॒मिन्द्र॑म् । अरी॑ळ्हं व॒त्सं च॒रथा॑य मा॒ता स्व॒यं गा॒तुं त॒न्व॑ इ॒च्छमा॑नम् ॥
गृष्टिः ससूव स्थविरं तवागामनाधृष्यं वृषभं तुम्रमिन्द्रम् । अरीळ्हं वत्सं चरथाय माता स्वयं गातुं तन्व इच्छमानम् ॥
gṛṣṭiḥ sasūva sthaviraṃ tavāgām anādhṛṣyaṃ vṛṣabhaṃ tumram indram | arīḻhaṃ vatsaṃ carathāya mātā svayaṃ gātuṃ tanva icchamānam ||
English translation:
“As a helper bears a calf, his mother, (Aditi), bore Indra, mature (in years), strong, irresisitble, vigorous, energetic, invincible, (destined) to follow his own course, heedful of his person n.”
Details:
Ṛṣi (sage/seer): vāmadevo gautamaḥ [vāmadeva gautama];Devatā (deity/subject-matter): indrāditī ;
Chandas (meter): nicṛttriṣṭup ;
Svara (tone/note): Swar;
Padapatha [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:
गृ॒ष्टिः । सा॒सू॒व॒ । स्थवि॑रम् । त॒वा॒गाम् । अ॒ना॒धृ॒ष्यम् । वृ॒ष॒भम् । तुम्र॑म् । इन्द्र॑म् । अरी॑ळ्हम् । व॒त्सम् । च॒रथा॑य । मा॒ता । स्व॒यम् । गा॒तुम् । त॒न्वे॑ । इ॒च्छमा॑नम् ॥
गृष्टिः । सासूव । स्थविरम् । तवागाम् । अनाधृष्यम् । वृषभम् । तुम्रम् । इन्द्रम् । अरीळ्हम् । वत्सम् । चरथाय । माता । स्वयम् । गातुम् । तन्वे । इच्छमानम् ॥
gṛṣṭiḥ | sāsūva | sthaviram | tavāgām | anādhṛṣyam | vṛṣabham | tumram | indram | arīḷham | vatsam | carathāya | mātā | svayam | gātum | tanve | icchamānam
Multi-layer Annotation of the Ṛgveda
[Rigveda 4.18.10 English analysis of grammar]
[noun], nominative, singular, feminine
“gṛṣṭi [word]; cow.”
[verb], singular, Perfect indicative
“give birth; urge; bestow; cause.”
[noun], accusative, singular, masculine
“old; strong; hardy; firm; firm.”
[noun], accusative, singular, masculine
[noun], accusative, singular, masculine
“invincible.”
[noun], accusative, singular, masculine
“bull; Vṛṣabha; Vṛṣabha; best.”
[noun], accusative, singular, masculine
“strong.”
[noun], accusative, singular, masculine
“Indra; leader; best; king; first; head; self; indra [word]; Indra; sapphire; fourteen; guru.”
[adverb]
“not; akāra; a [taddhita]; a [word]; a; a.”
[verb noun], accusative, singular
“lick.”
[noun], accusative, singular, masculine
“calf; child; Vatsa; vatsa [word]; juvenile; Vatsa; Vatsa; Vatsa; son; male child.”
[noun], dative, singular, masculine
[noun], nominative, singular, feminine
“mother; mātṛkā; mātṛ [word]; parent; Salvinia cucullata Roxb.; Citrullus colocynthis Schrad.; cow.”
[adverb]
“personally; spontaneously; svayam [word]; voluntarily.”
[verb noun]
“sing; praise; jap; recite; describe.”
[noun], dative, singular, feminine
“body; self; own(a); person; form.”
[verb noun], accusative, singular
“desire; recommend; approve; seek; call; search; try; prefer; love; commend; assent; permit; choose.”