Rig Veda (translation and commentary)
by H. H. Wilson | 1866 | 1,999,864 words | ISBN-10: 8171101380 | ISBN-13: 9788171101382
The Rig-Veda, English translation, including the commentary of Sayana and grammatical analysis. The hyms of the Rigveda Samhita represents some of the oldest and complex of Hindu Sanskrit literature. In ten books, these mantras form the core essence of rituals and ceremonies once widely performed throughout ancient India. This edition contains the...
Disclaimer: These are translations of Sanskrit texts and are not necessarily approved by everyone associated with the traditions connected to these texts. Consult the source and original scripture in case of doubt.
Rig Veda 4.18.3
Sanskrit text [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:
प॒रा॒य॒तीं मा॒तर॒मन्व॑चष्ट॒ न नानु॑ गा॒न्यनु॒ नू ग॑मानि । त्वष्टु॑र्गृ॒हे अ॑पिब॒त्सोम॒मिन्द्र॑: शतध॒न्यं॑ च॒म्वो॑: सु॒तस्य॑ ॥
परायतीं मातरमन्वचष्ट न नानु गान्यनु नू गमानि । त्वष्टुर्गृहे अपिबत्सोममिन्द्रः शतधन्यं चम्वोः सुतस्य ॥
parāyatīm mātaram anv acaṣṭa na nānu gāny anu nū gamāni | tvaṣṭur gṛhe apibat somam indraḥ śatadhanyaṃ camvoḥ sutasya ||
English translation:
“He, (Indra), has asserted (that it will) cause the death of my mother; let me not proceed by the usual way, but proceed quickly, according (to my will); in the dwelling of Tvaṣṭā Indra drank the costly Soma from the vessels of the offerers.”
Commentary by Sāyaṇa: Ṛgveda-bhāṣya
Vāmadeva vindicates his own wilfulness by the example of Indra, who came to Tvaṣṭā's house uninvited, and, by force, drank the Soma prepared for other gods; tvaṣṭā havaputro vīndram somamāharat (Taittirīya Saṃhitā 2.4.12)
Details:
Ṛṣi (sage/seer): vāmadevo gautamaḥ [vāmadeva gautama];Devatā (deity/subject-matter): indrāditī ;
Chandas (meter): bhurikpaṅkti ;
Svara (tone/note): Swar;
Padapatha [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:
प॒रा॒ऽय॒तीम् । मा॒तर॑म् । अनु॑ । अ॒च॒ष्ट॒ । न । न । अनु॑ । गा॒नि॒ । अनु॑ । नु । ग॒मा॒नि॒ । त्वष्टुः॑ । गृ॒हे । अ॒पि॒ब॒त् । सोम॑म् । इन्द्रः॑ । श॒त॒ऽध॒न्य॑म् । च॒म्वोः॑ । सु॒तस्य॑ ॥
परायतीम् । मातरम् । अनु । अचष्ट । न । न । अनु । गानि । अनु । नु । गमानि । त्वष्टुः । गृहे । अपिबत् । सोमम् । इन्द्रः । शतधन्यम् । चम्वोः । सुतस्य ॥
parāyatīm | mātaram | anu | acaṣṭa | na | na | anu | gāni | anu | nu | gamāni | tvaṣṭuḥ | gṛhe | apibat | somam | indraḥ | śata-dhanyam | camvoḥ | sutasya
Multi-layer Annotation of the Ṛgveda
[Rigveda 4.18.3 English analysis of grammar]
[verb noun], accusative, singular
“travel; depart; go; die.”
[noun], accusative, singular, feminine
“mother; mātṛkā; mātṛ [word]; parent; Salvinia cucullata Roxb.; Citrullus colocynthis Schrad.; cow.”
[adverb]
“subsequently; behind; along; towards; because.”
[verb], singular, Imperfect
“watch; look.”
[adverb]
“not; like; no; na [word].”
[adverb]
“not; like; no; na [word].”
[adverb]
“subsequently; behind; along; towards; because.”
[verb], singular, Aorist conj./subj.
“go; enter (a state); arrive.”
[adverb]
“subsequently; behind; along; towards; because.”
[adverb]
“now; already.”
[verb], singular, Aorist conj./subj.
“go; situate; enter (a state); travel; disappear; [in]; elapse; leave; reach; vanish; love; walk; approach; issue; hop on; gasify; get; come; die; drain; spread; transform; happen; discharge; ride; to be located; run; detect; refer; go; shall; drive.”
[noun], genitive, singular, masculine
“Tvaṣṭṛ; Viśvakarman; sun.”
[noun], locative, singular, neuter
“house; palace; temple; home; place; family; family; stable.”
[verb], singular, Imperfect
“drink; gulp; soak; drink; suck; inhale.”
[noun], accusative, singular, masculine
“Soma; moon; soma [word]; Candra.”
[noun], nominative, singular, masculine
“Indra; leader; best; king; first; head; self; indra [word]; Indra; sapphire; fourteen; guru.”
[noun], neuter
“hundred; one-hundredth; śata [word].”
[noun], accusative, singular, masculine
“fortunate; auspicious; affluent.”
[noun], locative, dual, feminine
“army; camū; Camū.”
[verb noun], genitive, singular
“press out; su.”