Rig Veda (translation and commentary)
by H. H. Wilson | 1866 | 1,999,864 words | ISBN-10: 8171101380 | ISBN-13: 9788171101382
The Rig-Veda, English translation, including the commentary of Sayana and grammatical analysis. The hyms of the Rigveda Samhita represents some of the oldest and complex of Hindu Sanskrit literature. In ten books, these mantras form the core essence of rituals and ceremonies once widely performed throughout ancient India. This edition contains the...
Disclaimer: These are translations of Sanskrit texts and are not necessarily approved by everyone associated with the traditions connected to these texts. Consult the source and original scripture in case of doubt.
Rig Veda 4.12.2
Sanskrit text [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:
इ॒ध्मं यस्ते॑ ज॒भर॑च्छश्रमा॒णो म॒हो अ॑ग्ने॒ अनी॑क॒मा स॑प॒र्यन् । स इ॑धा॒नः प्रति॑ दो॒षामु॒षासं॒ पुष्य॑न्र॒यिं स॑चते॒ घ्नन्न॒मित्रा॑न् ॥
इध्मं यस्ते जभरच्छश्रमाणो महो अग्ने अनीकमा सपर्यन् । स इधानः प्रति दोषामुषासं पुष्यन्रयिं सचते घ्नन्नमित्रान् ॥
idhmaṃ yas te jabharac chaśramāṇo maho agne anīkam ā saparyan | sa idhānaḥ prati doṣām uṣāsam puṣyan rayiṃ sacate ghnann amitrān ||
English translation:
“He who, labouring diligently, brings you fuel, honouring, Agni, your great glory; he who kindles you in the evening and at dawn; he, prosperous and destroying his enemies, acquires riches.”
Commentary by Sāyaṇa: Ṛgveda-bhāṣya
Doṣa śvaḥ sahasoḥ suno yam deva a cit sacase svasti: śivaḥ to Agni as śivakara, making happy
Details:
Ṛṣi (sage/seer): vāmadevo gautamaḥ [vāmadeva gautama];Devatā (deity/subject-matter): agniḥ ;
Chandas (meter): triṣṭup ;
Svara (tone/note): Swar;
Padapatha [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:
इ॒ध्मम् । यः । ते॒ । ज॒भर॑त् । श॒श्र॒मा॒णः । म॒हः । अ॒ग्ने॒ । अनी॑कम् । आ । स॒प॒र्यन् । सः । इ॒धा॒नः । प्रति॑ । दो॒षाम् । उ॒षस॑म् । पुष्य॑न् । र॒यिम् । स॒च॒ते॒ । घ्नन् । अ॒मित्रा॑न् ॥
इध्मम् । यः । ते । जभरत् । शश्रमाणः । महः । अग्ने । अनीकम् । आ । सपर्यन् । सः । इधानः । प्रति । दोषाम् । उषसम् । पुष्यन् । रयिम् । सचते । घ्नन् । अमित्रान् ॥
idhmam | yaḥ | te | jabharat | śaśramāṇaḥ | mahaḥ | agne | anīkam | ā | saparyan | saḥ | idhānaḥ | prati | doṣām | uṣasam | puṣyan | rayim | sacate | ghnan | amitrān
Multi-layer Annotation of the Ṛgveda
[Rigveda 4.12.2 English analysis of grammar]
[noun], accusative, singular, neuter
“fuel.”
[noun], nominative, singular, masculine
“who; which; yat [pronoun].”
[noun], dative, singular
“you.”
[verb], singular, Perfect conjunctive (subj.)
“bring; hold; fill; support; wear; possess; carry; nourish; keep; hire; have; satiate; follow; bear.”
[verb noun], nominative, singular
“tire; exercise; tire.”
[noun], genitive, singular, masculine
“great; great; distinguished; much(a); adult; long; high.”
[noun], vocative, singular, masculine
“fire; Agni; sacrificial fire; digestion; cautery; Plumbago zeylanica; fire; vahni; agni [word]; agnikarman; gold; three; jāraṇa; pyre; fireplace; heating.”
[noun], accusative, singular, neuter
“army; face; battalion; battlefront; point; appearance.”
[adverb]
“towards; ākāra; until; ā; since; according to; ā [suffix].”
[verb noun], nominative, singular
“worship.”
[noun], nominative, singular, masculine
“this; he,she,it (pers. pron.); respective(a); that; nominative; then; particular(a); genitive; instrumental; accusative; there; tad [word]; dative; once; same.”
[verb noun], nominative, singular
“kindle; ignite; set ablaze.”
[adverb]
“towards; per; regarding; respectively; according to; until.”
[noun], accusative, singular, feminine
“night.”
[noun], accusative, singular, feminine
“Ushas; dawn; uṣas [word]; morning.”
[verb noun], nominative, singular
“boom; grow; promote; foster.”
[noun], accusative, singular, feminine
“wealth; property.”
[verb], singular, Present indikative
“accompany; follow; company; obey; participate; enter.”
[verb noun], nominative, singular
“kill; cure; māray; remove; destroy; hit; injure; damage; destroy; paralyze; hurt; forge; beat; cut off; stop; overwhelm; kick; hunt; affect; strike; hammer; love; obstruct; shoot.”
[noun], accusative, plural, masculine
“enemy; foe.”