Rig Veda (translation and commentary)

by H. H. Wilson | 1866 | 1,999,864 words | ISBN-10: 8171101380 | ISBN-13: 9788171101382

The Rig-Veda, English translation, including the commentary of Sayana and grammatical analysis. The hyms of the Rigveda Samhita represents some of the oldest and complex of Hindu Sanskrit literature. In ten books, these mantras form the core essence of rituals and ceremonies once widely performed throughout ancient India. This edition contains the...

Disclaimer: These are translations of Sanskrit texts and are not necessarily approved by everyone associated with the traditions connected to these texts. Consult the source and original scripture in case of doubt.

Rig Veda 4.10.1

Sanskrit text [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:

अग्ने॒ तम॒द्याश्वं॒ न स्तोमै॒: क्रतुं॒ न भ॒द्रं हृ॑दि॒स्पृश॑म् । ऋ॒ध्यामा॑ त॒ ओहै॑: ॥
अग्ने तमद्याश्वं न स्तोमैः क्रतुं न भद्रं हृदिस्पृशम् । ऋध्यामा त ओहैः ॥
agne tam adyāśvaṃ na stomaiḥ kratuṃ na bhadraṃ hṛdispṛśam | ṛdhyāmā ta ohaiḥ ||

English translation:

“We celebrate you today, Agni, who are like a horse (in conveying our burden) with your praises, conveying (our wishes to the gods), and (who are) like a benefactor, propitious and affectionate.”

Commentary by Sāyaṇa: Ṛgveda-bhāṣya

Yajus. 15.44; aśvam na = like a horse, an allusion to the aśvamedhika horse; Agni is the bearer of oblations as a horse is of burdens, voḍhāram aśvamiva tathā haviṣo vāhakam; ohaiḥ is an epithet of stomaiḥ; ohaiḥ is derived from vaha, to bear or, causing to acquire fruit or reward; or causint to attain to Indra and the rest, indrādi prāpakaiḥ; kratum na = upakartāramiva, like a benefactor; or, sacrifice, i.e., may we celebrate or augment that your sacrifice, Agni, with praises

Details:

Ṛṣi (sage/seer): vāmadevo gautamaḥ [vāmadeva gautama];
Devatā (deity/subject-matter): agniḥ ;
Chandas (meter): gāyatrī;
Svara (tone/note): Swar;

Padapatha [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:

अग्ने॑ । तम् । अ॒द्य । अश्व॑म् । न । स्तोमैः॑ । क्रतु॑म् । न । भ॒द्रम् । हृ॒दि॒ऽस्पृश॑म् । ऋ॒ध्याम॑ । ते॒ । ओहैः॑ ॥
अग्ने । तम् । अद्य । अश्वम् । न । स्तोमैः । क्रतुम् । न । भद्रम् । हृदिस्पृशम् । ऋध्याम । ते । ओहैः ॥
agne | tam | adya | aśvam | na | stomaiḥ | kratum | na | bhadram | hṛdi-spṛśam | ṛdhyāma | te | ohaiḥ

Multi-layer Annotation of the Ṛgveda

[Rigveda 4.10.1 English analysis of grammar]

agne < agni

[noun], vocative, singular, masculine

“fire; Agni; sacrificial fire; digestion; cautery; Plumbago zeylanica; fire; vahni; agni [word]; agnikarman; gold; three; jāraṇa; pyre; fireplace; heating.”

tam < tad

[noun], accusative, singular, masculine

“this; he,she,it (pers. pron.); respective(a); that; nominative; then; particular(a); genitive; instrumental; accusative; there; tad [word]; dative; once; same.”

adyāśvaṃ < adyā < adya

[adverb]

“now; today; then; nowadays; adya [word].”

adyāśvaṃ < aśvam < aśva

[noun], accusative, singular, masculine

“horse; aśva [word]; Aśva; stallion.”

na

[adverb]

“not; like; no; na [word].”

stomaiḥ < stoma

[noun], instrumental, plural, masculine

“hymn; Stoma; stoma [word].”

kratuṃ < kratum < kratu

[noun], accusative, singular, masculine

“yajña; decision; plan; deliberation; intelligence; Kratu; will; kratu [word]; desire; resoluteness; ritual.”

na

[adverb]

“not; like; no; na [word].”

bhadraṃ < bhadram < bhadra

[noun], accusative, singular, masculine

“auspicious; lovely; good; happy; bhadra [word]; lucky; fine-looking; beautiful.”

hṛdispṛśam < hṛdispṛśa

[noun], accusative, singular, masculine

“lovely.”

ṛdhyāmā < ṛdh

[verb], plural, Aorist optative

“boom; stick to.”

ta < te < tvad

[noun], genitive, singular

“you.”

ohaiḥ < oha

[noun], instrumental, plural, masculine

Like what you read? Consider supporting this website: