Rig Veda (translation and commentary)

by H. H. Wilson | 1866 | 1,999,864 words | ISBN-10: 8171101380 | ISBN-13: 9788171101382

The Rig-Veda, English translation, including the commentary of Sayana and grammatical analysis. The hyms of the Rigveda Samhita represents some of the oldest and complex of Hindu Sanskrit literature. In ten books, these mantras form the core essence of rituals and ceremonies once widely performed throughout ancient India. This edition contains the...

Disclaimer: These are translations of Sanskrit texts and are not necessarily approved by everyone associated with the traditions connected to these texts. Consult the source and original scripture in case of doubt.

Rig Veda 4.7.1

Sanskrit text [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:

अ॒यमि॒ह प्र॑थ॒मो धा॑यि धा॒तृभि॒र्होता॒ यजि॑ष्ठो अध्व॒रेष्वीड्य॑: । यमप्न॑वानो॒ भृग॑वो विरुरु॒चुर्वने॑षु चि॒त्रं वि॒भ्वं॑ वि॒शेवि॑शे ॥
अयमिह प्रथमो धायि धातृभिर्होता यजिष्ठो अध्वरेष्वीड्यः । यमप्नवानो भृगवो विरुरुचुर्वनेषु चित्रं विभ्वं विशेविशे ॥
ayam iha prathamo dhāyi dhātṛbhir hotā yajiṣṭho adhvareṣv īḍyaḥ | yam apnavāno bhṛgavo virurucur vaneṣu citraṃ vibhvaṃ viśe-viśe ||

English translation:

“This invoker of the gods and minister of frequent worship, who is to be glorified at sacrifices, has been plural ced first (of the gods) by the performers of the rite; the Agni whom Apnavāna and other Bhṛgus lighted in the woods for the sake of all men, marvellous (in his acts), and soverign (over all).”

Commentary by Sāyaṇa: Ṛgveda-bhāṣya

Yajus. 3.15; the rite: the Agni here is āhavanīya which is kindled before the dakṣiṇā; Apnavāna and other Bhṛgus: Apnavānaḥ is the name of a ṛṣi of the family of Bhṛgu;

Alternative: apnavānaḥ and other ṛṣis and the Bhṛgus; it may also mean putravantaḥ, having sons, an epithet of Bhṛgus

Details:

Ṛṣi (sage/seer): vāmadevo gautamaḥ [vāmadeva gautama];
Devatā (deity/subject-matter): agniḥ ;
Chandas (meter): bhuriktriṣṭup ;
Svara (tone/note): Swar;

Padapatha [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:

अ॒यम् । इ॒ह । प्र॒थ॒मः । धा॒यि॒ । धा॒तृऽभिः॑ । होता॑ । यजि॑ष्ठः । अ॒ध्व॒रेषु॑ । ईड्यः॑ । यम् । अप्न॑वानः । भृग॑वः । वि॒ऽरु॒रु॒चुः । वने॑षु । चि॒त्रम् । वि॒ऽभ्व॑म् । वि॒शेऽवि॑शे ॥
अयम् । इह । प्रथमः । धायि । धातृभिः । होता । यजिष्ठः । अध्वरेषु । ईड्यः । यम् । अप्नवानः । भृगवः । विरुरुचुः । वनेषु । चित्रम् । विभ्वम् । विशेविशे ॥
ayam | iha | prathamaḥ | dhāyi | dhātṛ-bhiḥ | hotā | yajiṣṭhaḥ | adhvareṣu | īḍyaḥ | yam | apnavānaḥ | bhṛgavaḥ | vi-rurucuḥ | vaneṣu | citram | vi-bhvam | viśe--viśe

Multi-layer Annotation of the Ṛgveda

[Rigveda 4.7.1 English analysis of grammar]

ayam < idam

[noun], nominative, singular, masculine

“this; he,she,it (pers. pron.); here.”

iha

[adverb]

“here; now; in this world; now; below; there; here; just.”

prathamo < prathamaḥ < prathama

[noun], nominative, singular, masculine

“first; prathama [word]; third; young; chief(a); best; antecedent.”

dhāyi < dhā

[verb], singular, Aorist passive

“put; give; cause; get; hold; make; provide; lend; wear; install; have; enter (a state); supply; hold; take; show.”

dhātṛbhir < dhātṛbhiḥ < dhātṛ

[noun], instrumental, plural, masculine

“Brahma; Dhātṛ; creator; Dhātṛ.”

hotā < hotṛ

[noun], nominative, singular, masculine

“Hotṛ.”

yajiṣṭho < yajiṣṭhaḥ < yajiṣṭha

[noun], nominative, singular, masculine

adhvareṣv < adhvareṣu < adhvara

[noun], locative, plural, masculine

“yajña; ceremony; adhvara [word].”

īḍyaḥ < īḍ

[verb noun], nominative, singular

“praise; invite; raise.”

yam < yad

[noun], accusative, singular, masculine

“who; which; yat [pronoun].”

apnavāno < apnavānaḥ < apnavāna

[noun], nominative, singular, masculine

bhṛgavo < bhṛgavaḥ < bhṛgu

[noun], nominative, plural, masculine

“Bhṛgu; precipice; Bhṛgu; Bhṛgu; Venus; bhṛgu [word].”

virurucur < virurucuḥ < viruc < √ruc

[verb], plural, Perfect indicative

“shine.”

vaneṣu < vana

[noun], locative, plural, neuter

“forest; wood; tree; grove; vana [word]; forest; brush.”

citraṃ < citram < citra

[noun], accusative, singular, masculine

“manifold; extraordinary; beautiful; divers(a); varicolored; bright; bright; bright; outstanding; agitated; aglitter(p); brilliant; painted; obvious; patched; bizarre.”

vibhvaṃ < vibhvam < vibhu

[noun], accusative, singular, masculine

“mighty; abundant; big.”

viśe < viś

[noun], dative, singular, feminine

“people; tribe; Vaisya; national; viś; real property; Vaisya.”

viśe < viś

[noun], dative, singular, feminine

“people; tribe; Vaisya; national; viś; real property; Vaisya.”

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