Rig Veda (translation and commentary)
by H. H. Wilson | 1866 | 1,999,864 words | ISBN-10: 8171101380 | ISBN-13: 9788171101382
The Rig-Veda, English translation, including the commentary of Sayana and grammatical analysis. The hyms of the Rigveda Samhita represents some of the oldest and complex of Hindu Sanskrit literature. In ten books, these mantras form the core essence of rituals and ceremonies once widely performed throughout ancient India. This edition contains the...
Disclaimer: These are translations of Sanskrit texts and are not necessarily approved by everyone associated with the traditions connected to these texts. Consult the source and original scripture in case of doubt.
Rig Veda 4.5.10
Sanskrit text [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:
अध॑ द्युता॒नः पि॒त्रोः सचा॒साम॑नुत॒ गुह्यं॒ चारु॒ पृश्ने॑: । मा॒तुष्प॒दे प॑र॒मे अन्ति॒ षद्गोर्वृष्ण॑: शो॒चिष॒: प्रय॑तस्य जि॒ह्वा ॥
अध द्युतानः पित्रोः सचासामनुत गुह्यं चारु पृश्नेः । मातुष्पदे परमे अन्ति षद्गोर्वृष्णः शोचिषः प्रयतस्य जिह्वा ॥
adha dyutānaḥ pitroḥ sacāsāmanuta guhyaṃ cāru pṛśneḥ | mātuṣ pade parame anti ṣad gor vṛṣṇaḥ śociṣaḥ prayatasya jihvā ||
English translation:
“Then, radiant in association with the parents, (heaven and earth), he is awakened (to drink) the agreeable secretion of the cow, and the tongue of the assiduous (performer of holy rites), the resplendent showerer (of benefits), approaching the excellent station of the maternal (cow), seeks to drink the milk.”
Commentary by Sāyaṇa: Ṛgveda-bhāṣya
Assiduous performer: the text has only prayatasya; this is amplified into: āhavanīyādi rupeṇa niyatasya vaiśvānarasya, of vaiśvānara active in the form of the āhavanīya fire
Details:
Ṛṣi (sage/seer): vāmadevo gautamaḥ [vāmadeva gautama];Devatā (deity/subject-matter): vaiśvānaraḥ ;
Chandas (meter): bhurikpaṅkti ;
Svara (tone/note): Swar;
Padapatha [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:
अध॑ । द्यु॒ता॒नः । पि॒त्रोः । सचा॑ । आ॒सा । अम॑नुत । गुह्य॑म् । चारु । पृश्नेः॑ । मा॒तुः । प॒दे । प॒र॒मे । अन्ति॑ । सत् । गोः । वृष्णः॑ । शो॒चिषः॑ । प्रऽय॑तस्य । जि॒ह्वा ॥
अध । द्युतानः । पित्रोः । सचा । आसा । अमनुत । गुह्यम् । चारु । पृश्नेः । मातुः । पदे । परमे । अन्ति । सत् । गोः । वृष्णः । शोचिषः । प्रयतस्य । जिह्वा ॥
adha | dyutānaḥ | pitroḥ | sacā | āsā | amanuta | guhyam | cāru | pṛśneḥ | mātuḥ | pade | parame | anti | sat | goḥ | vṛṣṇaḥ | śociṣaḥ | pra-yatasya | jihvā
Multi-layer Annotation of the Ṛgveda
[Rigveda 4.5.10 English analysis of grammar]
[adverb]
“then; and; therefore; now.”
[verb noun], nominative, singular
“shine; inflame.”
[noun], locative, dual, masculine
“father; Pitṛ; ancestor; parent; paternal ancestor; pitṛ [word]; forefather.”
[adverb]
“jointly.”
[noun], instrumental, singular, neuter
“mouth.”
[verb], singular, Imperfect
“think of; name; believe; teach; honor; deem; recommend; approve; think; define; call; respect; believe; enumerate; understand; see; describe.”
[verb noun], accusative, singular
“hide; cover; conceal; shroud; obscure.”
[noun], accusative, singular, neuter
“pleasant; beautiful; beloved; agreeable; cāru [word].”
[noun], genitive, singular, feminine
“Pṛśni; beam.”
[noun], genitive, singular, feminine
“mother; mātṛkā; mātṛ [word]; parent; Salvinia cucullata Roxb.; Citrullus colocynthis Schrad.; cow.”
[noun], locative, singular, neuter
“word; location; foot; footprint; pada [word]; verse; footstep; metrical foot; situation; dwelling; state; step; mark; position; trace; construction; animal foot; way; moment; social station; topographic point; path; residence; site; topic.”
[noun], locative, singular, neuter
“extreme; best; excellent; highest; highest; devoted(p); maximal; distant; parama [word]; very; farthermost.”
[adverb]
[verb noun], accusative, singular
“be; exist; become; originate; happen; result; be; dwell; be born; stay; be; equal; exist; transform.”
[noun], genitive, singular, feminine
“cow; cattle; go [word]; Earth; bull; floor; milk; beam; sunbeam; leather; hide; horn; language; bowstring; earth; ox; Svarga.”
[noun], genitive, singular, masculine
“bull; Indra; stallion; Vṛṣan; man.”
[noun], genitive, singular, neuter
“fire; flare; burn; radiance.”
[verb noun], genitive, singular
“give; emit; send; transmit.”
[noun], nominative, singular, feminine
“tongue; tongue; jihvā [word]; fire.”