Rig Veda (translation and commentary)
by H. H. Wilson | 1866 | 1,999,864 words | ISBN-10: 8171101380 | ISBN-13: 9788171101382
The Rig-Veda, English translation, including the commentary of Sayana and grammatical analysis. The hyms of the Rigveda Samhita represents some of the oldest and complex of Hindu Sanskrit literature. In ten books, these mantras form the core essence of rituals and ceremonies once widely performed throughout ancient India. This edition contains the...
Disclaimer: These are translations of Sanskrit texts and are not necessarily approved by everyone associated with the traditions connected to these texts. Consult the source and original scripture in case of doubt.
Rig Veda 4.3.11
Sanskrit text [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:
ऋ॒तेनाद्रिं॒ व्य॑सन्भि॒दन्त॒: समङ्गि॑रसो नवन्त॒ गोभि॑: । शु॒नं नर॒: परि॑ षदन्नु॒षास॑मा॒विः स्व॑रभवज्जा॒ते अ॒ग्नौ ॥
ऋतेनाद्रिं व्यसन्भिदन्तः समङ्गिरसो नवन्त गोभिः । शुनं नरः परि षदन्नुषासमाविः स्वरभवज्जाते अग्नौ ॥
ṛtenādriṃ vy asan bhidantaḥ sam aṅgiraso navanta gobhiḥ | śunaṃ naraḥ pari ṣadann uṣāsam āviḥ svar abhavaj jāte agnau ||
English translation:
“By the sacrifice, the Aṅgirasas, rending the mountain asunder, have thrown it open, and returned with the cows; the leaders (of holy rites) have arrived happily at the dawn, and the sun was manifest as Agni was engendered.”
Commentary by Sāyaṇa: Ṛgveda-bhāṣya
The sun was manifest: an allusion to the early morning sacrifice with fire, probably instrumental tuted by the Aṅgirasas
Details:
Ṛṣi (sage/seer): vāmadevo gautamaḥ [vāmadeva gautama];Devatā (deity/subject-matter): agniḥ ;
Chandas (meter): paṅktiḥ ;
Svara (tone/note): Swar;
Padapatha [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:
ऋतेन॑ । अद्रि॑म् । वि । अ॒स॒न् । भि॒दन्तः॑ । सम् । अङ्गि॑रसः । न॒व॒न्त॒ । गोऽभिः॑ । शु॒नम् । नरः॑ । परि॑ । स॒द॒न् । उ॒षस॑म् । आ॒विः । स्वः॑ । अ॒भ॒व॒त् । जा॒ते । अ॒ग्नौ ॥
ऋतेन । अद्रिम् । वि । असन् । भिदन्तः । सम् । अङ्गिरसः । नवन्त । गोभिः । शुनम् । नरः । परि । सदन् । उषसम् । आविः । स्वः । अभवत् । जाते । अग्नौ ॥
ṛtena | adrim | vi | asan | bhidantaḥ | sam | aṅgirasaḥ | navanta | go--bhiḥ | śunam | naraḥ | pari | sadan | uṣasam | āviḥ | svaḥ | abhavat | jāte | agnau
Multi-layer Annotation of the Ṛgveda
[Rigveda 4.3.11 English analysis of grammar]
[noun], instrumental, singular, neuter
“truth; order; fixed order; ṛta [word]; law; custom; custom.”
[noun], accusative, singular, masculine
“mountain; rock; seven; stone; adri; grindstone; adri; rock.”
[adverb]
“apart; away; away.”
[verb], plural, Present conjunctive (subjunctive)
“be; exist; become; originate; happen; result; be; dwell; be born; stay; be; equal; exist; transform.”
[verb noun], nominative, plural
“break; incise; burst; divide; cut; cleave; destroy; cure; disturb; lance; break; distinguish; disclose; pierce; tear; separate; transgress; break open; scratch; penetrate; sever; bribe; grind; betray; fester; strike.”
[adverb]
“sam; together; together; saṃ.”
[noun], nominative, plural, masculine
“Aṅgiras; Aṅgiras; Brahman; Atharva-Veda; aṅgiras [word]; Aṅgiras.”
[verb], plural, Present injunctive
“praise; shout.”
[noun], instrumental, plural, masculine
“cow; cattle; go [word]; Earth; bull; floor; milk; beam; sunbeam; leather; hide; horn; language; bowstring; earth; ox; Svarga.”
[noun], accusative, singular, neuter
“well-being; success.”
[noun], nominative, plural, masculine
“man; man; nṛ [word]; crew; masculine.”
[adverb]
“from; about; around.”
[verb], plural, Thematic aorist (Ind.)
“sit down; break down; slow; sink; crumble; fracture; perish; ride; stop; besiege; tire.”
[noun], accusative, singular, feminine
“Ushas; dawn; uṣas [word]; morning.”
[adverb]
“openly; obviously.”
[adverb]
“sun; sky; sunlight.”
[verb], singular, Imperfect
“become; be; originate; transform; happen; result; exist; be born; be; be; come to life; grow; elapse; come to mind; thrive; become; impend; show; conceive; understand; stand; constitute; serve; apply; behave.”
[verb noun], locative, singular
“become; originate; be born; transform; happen; result; grow; beget; produce; create; conceive; separate; cause; give birth; grow; produce; generate; be; become; arise; come on.”
[noun], locative, singular, masculine
“fire; Agni; sacrificial fire; digestion; cautery; Plumbago zeylanica; fire; vahni; agni [word]; agnikarman; gold; three; jāraṇa; pyre; fireplace; heating.”