Rig Veda (translation and commentary)
by H. H. Wilson | 1866 | 1,999,864 words | ISBN-10: 8171101380 | ISBN-13: 9788171101382
The Rig-Veda, English translation, including the commentary of Sayana and grammatical analysis. The hyms of the Rigveda Samhita represents some of the oldest and complex of Hindu Sanskrit literature. In ten books, these mantras form the core essence of rituals and ceremonies once widely performed throughout ancient India. This edition contains the...
Disclaimer: These are translations of Sanskrit texts and are not necessarily approved by everyone associated with the traditions connected to these texts. Consult the source and original scripture in case of doubt.
Rig Veda 4.1.5
Sanskrit text [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:
स त्वं नो॑ अग्नेऽव॒मो भ॑वो॒ती नेदि॑ष्ठो अ॒स्या उ॒षसो॒ व्यु॑ष्टौ । अव॑ यक्ष्व नो॒ वरु॑णं॒ ररा॑णो वी॒हि मृ॑ळी॒कं सु॒हवो॑ न एधि ॥
स त्वं नो अग्नेऽवमो भवोती नेदिष्ठो अस्या उषसो व्युष्टौ । अव यक्ष्व नो वरुणं रराणो वीहि मृळीकं सुहवो न एधि ॥
sa tvaṃ no agne 'vamo bhavotī nediṣṭho asyā uṣaso vyuṣṭau | ava yakṣva no varuṇaṃ rarāṇo vīhi mṛḻīkaṃ suhavo na edhi ||
English translation:
“Do you Agni our preserver bemost nigh to us with your protection at the breaking of this dawn; deprecate Varuṇa for us and propitiated (by our praise) feed upon the grateful (oblation), and be to us of auspicious invocation.”
Commentary by Sāyaṇa: Ṛgveda-bhāṣya
Yajus. 21.4; Deprecate Varuṇa for us: ava yakṣva no varuṇam: vināśaya, destroy (verb); varuṇa-kṛtam (object), that which has been done by Varuṇa, as disease inflicted by him, such as dropsy; or the term may imply pāpam, sin
Details:
Ṛṣi (sage/seer): vāmadevo gautamaḥ [vāmadeva gautama];Devatā (deity/subject-matter): agniḥ ;
Chandas (meter): svarāṭpaṅkti;
Svara (tone/note): Swar;
Padapatha [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:
सः । त्वम् । नः॒ । अ॒ग्ने॒ । अ॒व॒मः । भ॒व॒ । ऊ॒ती । नेदि॑ष्ठः । अ॒स्याः । उ॒षसः॑ । विऽउ॑ष्टौ । अव॑ । य॒क्ष्व॒ । नः॒ । वरु॑णम् । ररा॑णः । वी॒हि । मृ॒ळी॒कम् । सु॒ऽहवः॑ । नः॒ । ए॒धि॒ ॥
सः । त्वम् । नः । अग्ने । अवमः । भव । ऊती । नेदिष्ठः । अस्याः । उषसः । विउष्टौ । अव । यक्ष्व । नः । वरुणम् । रराणः । वीहि । मृळीकम् । सुहवः । नः । एधि ॥
saḥ | tvam | naḥ | agne | avamaḥ | bhava | ūtī | nediṣṭhaḥ | asyāḥ | uṣasaḥ | vi-uṣṭau | ava | yakṣva | naḥ | varuṇam | rarāṇaḥ | vīhi | mṛḷīkam | su-havaḥ | naḥ | edhi
Multi-layer Annotation of the Ṛgveda
[Rigveda 4.1.5 English analysis of grammar]
[noun], nominative, singular, masculine
“this; he,she,it (pers. pron.); respective(a); that; nominative; then; particular(a); genitive; instrumental; accusative; there; tad [word]; dative; once; same.”
[noun], nominative, singular
“you.”
[noun], dative, plural
“I; mine.”
[noun], vocative, singular, masculine
“fire; Agni; sacrificial fire; digestion; cautery; Plumbago zeylanica; fire; vahni; agni [word]; agnikarman; gold; three; jāraṇa; pyre; fireplace; heating.”
[noun], nominative, singular, masculine
“avama [word]; bottom; last.”
[verb], singular, Present imperative
“become; be; originate; transform; happen; result; exist; be born; be; be; come to life; grow; elapse; come to mind; thrive; become; impend; show; conceive; understand; stand; constitute; serve; apply; behave.”
[noun], instrumental, singular, feminine
“aid; favor; ūti [word].”
[noun], nominative, singular, masculine
“following.”
[noun], genitive, singular, feminine
“this; he,she,it (pers. pron.); here.”
[noun], genitive, singular, feminine
“Ushas; dawn; uṣas [word]; morning.”
[noun], locative, singular, feminine
“dawn; happiness; consequence.”
[adverb]
“down.”
[verb], singular, Aorist imperative
“sacrifice; worship; worship.”
[noun], dative, plural
“I; mine.”
[noun], accusative, singular, masculine
“Varuna; varuṇa [word]; Crataeva religiosa Forst.; Varuṇa; varuṇādi.”
[verb noun], nominative, singular
“give; impart.”
[verb], singular, Present imperative
“approach; ask; desire; go; drive.”
[noun], accusative, singular, neuter
“compassion; favor.”
[adverb]
“very; well; good; nicely; beautiful; su; early; quite.”
[noun], nominative, singular, masculine
“invocation.”
[noun], dative, plural
“I; mine.”
[verb], singular, Present imperative
“be; exist; become; originate; happen; result; be; dwell; be born; stay; be; equal; exist; transform.”