Rig Veda (translation and commentary)
by H. H. Wilson | 1866 | 1,999,864 words | ISBN-10: 8171101380 | ISBN-13: 9788171101382
The Rig-Veda, English translation, including the commentary of Sayana and grammatical analysis. The hyms of the Rigveda Samhita represents some of the oldest and complex of Hindu Sanskrit literature. In ten books, these mantras form the core essence of rituals and ceremonies once widely performed throughout ancient India. This edition contains the...
Disclaimer: These are translations of Sanskrit texts and are not necessarily approved by everyone associated with the traditions connected to these texts. Consult the source and original scripture in case of doubt.
Rig Veda 3.59.9
Sanskrit text [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:
मि॒त्रो दे॒वेष्वा॒युषु॒ जना॑य वृ॒क्तब॑र्हिषे । इष॑ इ॒ष्टव्र॑ता अकः ॥
मित्रो देवेष्वायुषु जनाय वृक्तबर्हिषे । इष इष्टव्रता अकः ॥
mitro deveṣv āyuṣu janāya vṛktabarhiṣe | iṣa iṣṭavratā akaḥ ||
English translation:
“Mitra is he who among tods and men bestows food as the reward of pious acts upon the man who has prepared (for him) the lopped sacred grass.”
Details:
Ṛṣi (sage/seer): gopavana ātreyaḥ saptavadhrirvā [gopavana ātreya saptavadhrirvā];Devatā (deity/subject-matter): mitraḥ;
Chandas (meter): nicṛdgāyatrī ;
Svara (tone/note): Swar;
Padapatha [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:
मि॒त्रः । दे॒वेषु॑ । आ॒युषु॑ । जना॑य । वृ॒क्तऽब॑र्हिषे । इषः॑ । इ॒ष्टऽव्र॑ताः । अ॒क॒रित्य॑कः ॥
मित्रः । देवेषु । आयुषु । जनाय । वृक्तबर्हिषे । इषः । इष्टव्रताः । अकरित्यकः ॥
mitraḥ | deveṣu | āyuṣu | janāya | vṛkta-barhiṣe | iṣaḥ | iṣṭa-vratāḥ | akar ity akaḥ
Multi-layer Annotation of the Ṛgveda
[Rigveda 3.59.9 English analysis of grammar]
[noun], nominative, singular, masculine
“friend; Mitra; mitra [word]; sun; ally.”
[noun], locative, plural, masculine
“Deva; Hindu deity; king; deity; Indra; deva [word]; God; Jina; Viśvedevās; mercury; natural phenomenon; gambling.”
[noun], locative, plural, masculine
[noun], dative, singular, masculine
“people; national; man; relative; jan; Janaloka; person; jana [word]; man; attendant; Jana; foreigner; inhabitant; group.”
[verb noun]
[noun], dative, singular, masculine
“Barhis; barhis [word].”
[noun], accusative, plural, feminine
“refreshment; enjoyment; stores.”
[verb noun]
“desire; recommend; approve; seek; call; search; try; prefer; love; commend; assent; permit; choose.”
[noun], accusative, plural, feminine
“vrata (vote); commandment; law; oath; command; rule; custom; vrata [word]; rule; behavior.”
[verb], singular, Root aorist (Ind.)
“make; perform; cause; produce; shape; construct; do; put; fill into; use; fuel; transform; bore; act; write; create; prepare; administer; dig; prepare; treat; take effect; add; trace; put on; process; treat; heed; hire; act; produce; assume; eat; ignite; chop; treat; obey; manufacture; appoint; evacuate; choose; understand; insert; happen; envelop; weigh; observe; practice; lend; bring; duplicate; plant; kṛ; concentrate; mix; knot; join; take; provide; utter; compose.”