Rig Veda (translation and commentary)

by H. H. Wilson | 1866 | 1,999,864 words | ISBN-10: 8171101380 | ISBN-13: 9788171101382

The Rig-Veda, English translation, including the commentary of Sayana and grammatical analysis. The hyms of the Rigveda Samhita represents some of the oldest and complex of Hindu Sanskrit literature. In ten books, these mantras form the core essence of rituals and ceremonies once widely performed throughout ancient India. This edition contains the...

Disclaimer: These are translations of Sanskrit texts and are not necessarily approved by everyone associated with the traditions connected to these texts. Consult the source and original scripture in case of doubt.

Rig Veda 3.58.6

Sanskrit text [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:

पु॒रा॒णमोक॑: स॒ख्यं शि॒वं वां॑ यु॒वोर्न॑रा॒ द्रवि॑णं ज॒ह्नाव्या॑म् । पुन॑: कृण्वा॒नाः स॒ख्या शि॒वानि॒ मध्वा॑ मदेम स॒ह नू स॑मा॒नाः ॥
पुराणमोकः सख्यं शिवं वां युवोर्नरा द्रविणं जह्नाव्याम् । पुनः कृण्वानाः सख्या शिवानि मध्वा मदेम सह नू समानाः ॥
purāṇam okaḥ sakhyaṃ śivaṃ vāṃ yuvor narā draviṇaṃ jahnāvyām | punaḥ kṛṇvānāḥ sakhyā śivāni madhvā madema saha nū samānāḥ ||

English translation:

“Your ancient friendship is desirable and auspicious; your wealth, leaders (of rites), is in the family of Jahnu; renewing that auspicious friendship, may we, your associates, delight you with the sweet (Soma).”

Commentary by Sāyaṇa: Ṛgveda-bhāṣya

Jahnu: yuvor draviṇam jahnāvyām: from jahnu = jahnāvyām = jahnukulajāyām, born in the lineage of Jahnu; it may imply the Gaṅgā, Jāhnavī, following the legend of her origin from Jahnu

Details:

Ṛṣi (sage/seer): gopavana ātreyaḥ saptavadhrirvā [gopavana ātreya saptavadhrirvā];
Devatā (deity/subject-matter): aśvinau ;
Chandas (meter): bhurikpaṅkti ;
Svara (tone/note): Swar;

Padapatha [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:

पु॒रा॒णम् । ओकः॑ । स॒ख्यम् । शि॒वम् । वा॒म् । यु॒वोः । न॒रा॒ । द्रवि॑णम् । ज॒ह्नाव्या॑म् । पुन॒रिति॑ । कृ॒ण्वा॒नाः । स॒ख्या । शि॒वानि॑ । मध्वा॑ । म॒दे॒म॒ । स॒ह । नु । स॒मा॒नाः ॥
पुराणम् । ओकः । सख्यम् । शिवम् । वाम् । युवोः । नरा । द्रविणम् । जह्नाव्याम् । पुनरिति । कृण्वानाः । सख्या । शिवानि । मध्वा । मदेम । सह । नु । समानाः ॥
purāṇam | okaḥ | sakhyam | śivam | vām | yuvoḥ | narā | draviṇam | jahnāvyām | punariti | kṛṇvānāḥ | sakhyā | śivāni | madhvā | madema | saha | nu | samānāḥ

Multi-layer Annotation of the Ṛgveda

[Rigveda 3.58.6 English analysis of grammar]

purāṇam < purāṇa

[noun], nominative, singular, neuter

“age-old; stale; old; old; traditional; aged.”

okaḥ < oka

[noun], nominative, singular, neuter

“home; house; oka [word].”

sakhyaṃ < sakhyam < sakhya

[noun], nominative, singular, neuter

“friendship; aid; company.”

śivaṃ < śivam < śiva

[noun], nominative, singular, neuter

“auspicious; benevolent; benign; good-hearted; dear; śiva [word]; holy; nice.”

vāṃ < vām < tvad

[noun], genitive, dual

“you.”

yuvor < yuvoḥ < tvad

[noun], genitive, dual

“you.”

narā < nṛ

[noun], vocative, dual, masculine

“man; man; nṛ [word]; crew; masculine.”

draviṇaṃ < draviṇam < draviṇa

[noun], nominative, singular, neuter

“wealth; property; money; jewel.”

jahnāvyām < jahnāvī

[noun], locative, singular, feminine

punaḥ < punar

[adverb]

“again; further; now; over and over; subsequently; repeatedly; however; besides.”

kṛṇvānāḥ < kṛ

[verb noun], nominative, plural

“make; perform; cause; produce; shape; construct; do; put; fill into; use; fuel; transform; bore; act; write; create; prepare; administer; dig; prepare; treat; take effect; add; trace; put on; process; treat; heed; hire; act; produce; assume; eat; ignite; chop; treat; obey; manufacture; appoint; evacuate; choose; understand; insert; happen; envelop; weigh; observe; practice; lend; bring; duplicate; plant; kṛ; concentrate; mix; knot; join; take; provide; utter; compose.”

sakhyā < sakhya

[noun], accusative, plural, neuter

“friendship; aid; company.”

śivāni < śiva

[noun], accusative, plural, neuter

“auspicious; benevolent; benign; good-hearted; dear; śiva [word]; holy; nice.”

madhvā < madhu

[noun], instrumental, singular, neuter

“honey; alcohol; sweet; nectar; madhu [word].”

madema < mad

[verb], plural, Present optative

“rut; intoxicate; delight; revel; rejoice; drink; ramp; exult.”

saha

[adverb]

“together; together; with; jointly; together; saha [word]; along.”

< nu

[adverb]

“now; already.”

samānāḥ < samāna

[noun], nominative, plural, masculine

“like; identical; common; like; alike(p); same; samāna [word]; akin(p); comparable; identical; mutual; equal.”

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