Rig Veda (translation and commentary)

by H. H. Wilson | 1866 | 1,999,864 words | ISBN-10: 8171101380 | ISBN-13: 9788171101382

The Rig-Veda, English translation, including the commentary of Sayana and grammatical analysis. The hyms of the Rigveda Samhita represents some of the oldest and complex of Hindu Sanskrit literature. In ten books, these mantras form the core essence of rituals and ceremonies once widely performed throughout ancient India. This edition contains the...

Disclaimer: These are translations of Sanskrit texts and are not necessarily approved by everyone associated with the traditions connected to these texts. Consult the source and original scripture in case of doubt.

Rig Veda 3.56.8

Sanskrit text [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:

त्रिरु॑त्त॒मा दू॒णशा॑ रोच॒नानि॒ त्रयो॑ राज॒न्त्यसु॑रस्य वी॒राः । ऋ॒तावा॑न इषि॒रा दू॒ळभा॑स॒स्त्रिरा दि॒वो वि॒दथे॑ सन्तु दे॒वाः ॥
त्रिरुत्तमा दूणशा रोचनानि त्रयो राजन्त्यसुरस्य वीराः । ऋतावान इषिरा दूळभासस्त्रिरा दिवो विदथे सन्तु देवाः ॥
trir uttamā dūṇaśā rocanāni trayo rājanty asurasya vīrāḥ | ṛtāvāna iṣirā dūḻabhāsas trir ā divo vidathe santu devāḥ ||

English translation:

“Three are the excellent  uninjurable bright regions, three scions of the powerful (year) are shining; practisers of truth, quick moving, of surpassing radiance; may the deities be present thrice daily at the sacrifice.”

Commentary by Sāyaṇa: Ṛgveda-bhāṣya

Three..bright regions: heaven, earth, firmament; three scions of the year: Agni, Vāyu and Sūrya; the tet calls them asurasya vīra: asuraḥ = kālātma saṃvatsara, th eyear, identical with time, tasya putraḥ, its sons

Details:

Ṛṣi (sage/seer): prajāpatirvaiśvāmitro vācyo vā [prajāpatirvaiśvāmitra vācya vā];
Devatā (deity/subject-matter): viśvedevā:;
Chandas (meter): nicṛttriṣṭup ;
Svara (tone/note): Swar;

Padapatha [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:

त्रिः । उ॒त्ऽत॒मा दुः॒ऽनशा॑ । रो॒च॒नानि॑ । त्रयः॑ । रा॒ज॒न्ति॒ । असु॑रस्य । वी॒राः । ऋ॒तऽवा॑नः । इ॒षि॒राः । दुः॒ऽदभा॑सः । त्रिः । आ । दि॒वः । वि॒दथे॑ । स॒न्तु॒ । दे॒वाः ॥
त्रिः । उत्तमा दुःनशा । रोचनानि । त्रयः । राजन्ति । असुरस्य । वीराः । ऋतवानः । इषिराः । दुःदभासः । त्रिः । आ । दिवः । विदथे । सन्तु । देवाः ॥
triḥ | ut-tamā duḥ-naśā | rocanāni | trayaḥ | rājanti | asurasya | vīrāḥ | ṛta-vānaḥ | iṣirāḥ | duḥ-dabhāsaḥ | triḥ | ā | divaḥ | vidathe | santu | devāḥ

Multi-layer Annotation of the Ṛgveda

[Rigveda 3.56.8 English analysis of grammar]

trir < tris

[adverb]

“thrice; tris [word].”

uttamā < uttama

[noun], nominative, plural, neuter

“best; excellent; highest; better; extreme; last; first; topmost; chief(a); higher; highest; maximal; uttama [word]; prevailing; finest.”

dūṇaśā < dūṇaśa

[noun], nominative, plural, neuter

rocanāni < rocana

[noun], nominative, plural, neuter

“light; celestial sphere.”

trayo < trayaḥ < tri

[noun], nominative, plural, masculine

“three; tri/tisṛ [word].”

rājanty < rājanti < rāj

[verb], plural, Present indikative

“govern; shine; glitter; direct.”

asurasya < asura

[noun], genitive, singular, masculine

“Asura; lord; asura [word]; sulfur.”

vīrāḥ < vīra

[noun], nominative, plural, masculine

“hero; man; Vīra; vīra; vīra [word]; Vīra.”

ṛtāvāna < ṛtāvānaḥ < ṛtāvan

[noun], nominative, plural, masculine

“law-abiding; faithful; righteous.”

iṣirā < iṣirāḥ < iṣira

[noun], nominative, plural, masculine

“vigorous; bracing; quick.”

dūᄆabhāsas < dūᄆabhāsaḥ < dūḍabha

[noun], nominative, plural, masculine

trir < tris

[adverb]

“thrice; tris [word].”

ā

[adverb]

“towards; ākāra; until; ā; since; according to; ā [suffix].”

divo < divaḥ < div

[noun], genitive, singular, masculine

“sky; Svarga; day; div [word]; heaven and earth; day; dawn.”

vidathe < vidatha

[noun], locative, singular, neuter

“meeting; wisdom; council.”

santu < as

[verb], plural, Present imperative

“be; exist; become; originate; happen; result; be; dwell; be born; stay; be; equal; exist; transform.”

devāḥ < deva

[noun], nominative, plural, masculine

“Deva; Hindu deity; king; deity; Indra; deva [word]; God; Jina; Viśvedevās; mercury; natural phenomenon; gambling.”

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