Rig Veda (translation and commentary)
by H. H. Wilson | 1866 | 1,999,864 words | ISBN-10: 8171101380 | ISBN-13: 9788171101382
The Rig-Veda, English translation, including the commentary of Sayana and grammatical analysis. The hyms of the Rigveda Samhita represents some of the oldest and complex of Hindu Sanskrit literature. In ten books, these mantras form the core essence of rituals and ceremonies once widely performed throughout ancient India. This edition contains the...
Disclaimer: These are translations of Sanskrit texts and are not necessarily approved by everyone associated with the traditions connected to these texts. Consult the source and original scripture in case of doubt.
Rig Veda 3.55.4
Sanskrit text [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:
स॒मा॒नो राजा॒ विभृ॑तः पुरु॒त्रा शये॑ श॒यासु॒ प्रयु॑तो॒ वनानु॑ । अ॒न्या व॒त्सं भर॑ति॒ क्षेति॑ मा॒ता म॒हद्दे॒वाना॑मसुर॒त्वमेक॑म् ॥
समानो राजा विभृतः पुरुत्रा शये शयासु प्रयुतो वनानु । अन्या वत्सं भरति क्षेति माता महद्देवानामसुरत्वमेकम् ॥
samāno rājā vibhṛtaḥ purutrā śaye śayāsu prayuto vanānu | anyā vatsam bharati kṣeti mātā mahad devānām asuratvam ekam ||
English translation:
“The universal sovereign is conveyed to many directions; he sleeps in the plural ces of repose; he is connected with the forests; one mother (heaven) nourishes the child; the other (earth) gives him a dwelling; great and unequalled is the might of the gods.”
Commentary by Sāyaṇa: Ṛgveda-bhāṣya
The universal sovereign: samānā rāja may imply either Agni or the Soma
Details:
Ṛṣi (sage/seer): prajāpatirvaiśvāmitro vācyo vā [prajāpatirvaiśvāmitra vācya vā];Devatā (deity/subject-matter): viśvedevā, agniḥ ;
Chandas (meter): triṣṭup ;
Svara (tone/note): Swar;
Padapatha [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:
स॒मा॒नः । राजा॑ । विऽभृ॑तः । पु॒रु॒ऽत्रा । शये॑ । श॒यासु॑ । प्रऽयु॑तः । वना॑ । अनु॑ । अ॒न्या । व॒त्सम् । भर॑ति । क्षेति॑ । मा॒ता । म॒हत् । दे॒वाना॑म् । अ॒सु॒र॒ऽत्वम् । एक॑म् ॥
समानः । राजा । विभृतः । पुरुत्रा । शये । शयासु । प्रयुतः । वना । अनु । अन्या । वत्सम् । भरति । क्षेति । माता । महत् । देवानाम् । असुरत्वम् । एकम् ॥
samānaḥ | rājā | vi-bhṛtaḥ | puru-trā | śaye | śayāsu | pra-yutaḥ | vanā | anu | anyā | vatsam | bharati | kṣeti | mātā | mahat | devānām | asura-tvam | ekam
Multi-layer Annotation of the Ṛgveda
[Rigveda 3.55.4 English analysis of grammar]
[noun], nominative, singular, masculine
“like; identical; common; like; alike(p); same; samāna [word]; akin(p); comparable; identical; mutual; equal.”
[noun], nominative, singular, masculine
“king; Kshatriya; rājan [word]; best; rājāvarta; Yakṣa.”
[verb noun], nominative, singular
[adverb]
“distributively.”
[verb], singular, Present indikative
“lie; sleep.”
[noun], locative, plural, feminine
“lying.”
[noun], nominative, singular, masculine
[noun], accusative, plural, neuter
“forest; wood; tree; grove; vana [word]; forest; brush.”
[adverb]
“subsequently; behind; along; towards; because.”
[noun], nominative, singular, feminine
“other; another(a); remaining; different; anya [word]; other than; more(a); fresh; any(a).”
[noun], accusative, singular, masculine
“calf; child; Vatsa; vatsa [word]; juvenile; Vatsa; Vatsa; Vatsa; son; male child.”
[verb], singular, Present indikative
“bring; hold; fill; support; wear; possess; carry; nourish; keep; hire; have; satiate; follow; bear.”
[verb], singular, Present indikative
“govern; inhabit; dwell; stay; predominate; bide; own.”
[noun], nominative, singular, feminine
“mother; mātṛkā; mātṛ [word]; parent; Salvinia cucullata Roxb.; Citrullus colocynthis Schrad.; cow.”
[noun], nominative, singular, neuter
“large; eminent; great; loud; dangerous; strong; long; high; much(a); mahant [word]; ample; very; great; adult; important; dark; high; abundant; violent; remarkable; mighty; big; long.”
[noun], genitive, plural, masculine
“Deva; Hindu deity; king; deity; Indra; deva [word]; God; Jina; Viśvedevās; mercury; natural phenomenon; gambling.”
[noun], masculine
“Asura; lord; asura [word]; sulfur.”
[noun], nominative, singular, neuter
“state; quality; cause; reason.”
[noun], nominative, singular, neuter
“one; single(a); alone(p); some(a); single(a); eka [word]; alone(p); excellent; each(a); some(a); one; same; alone(p); some(a); consistent; any(a); undifferentiated; disjunct.”